UNIT 4 - QUIZ

Collections of operations that form a

single logical unit of work are called
• Views
• Units
• Transactions
• Tables
Consider money is transferred from
(1)account-A to account-B and
(2) account-B to account-A.
Which of the following form a transaction?
• Only 1
• Only 2
• Both 1 and 2, individually
• Neither 1 nor 2
A transaction is delimited by statements
(or function calls) of the form __________

• Begin transaction and end transaction

• Start transaction and stop transaction
• Get transaction and post transaction
• Read transaction and write transaction
Identify the characteristics of transaction

• Atomicity
• Durability
• Isolation
• Consistency
• All the above
Which of the following has “all-or-none”
property?

• Atomicity
• Durability
• Isolation
• Consistency
• All the above
A transaction that has not been completed
successfully is called as

• Compensating transaction
• Aborted transaction
• Active transaction
• Partially committed transaction
• Commited transaction
The execution sequences in concurrency
control are termed as

• Serials
• Schedules
• Organizations
• View control
• None of the above
Which of the following is used to recover the
database, after a transaction in progress
terminates abnormally?
• Transit
• Trace
• Rollback
• Rollforward
• None of the above
A shared lock allows which of the following
operation(s) in a transaction

• Delete
• Update
• Read
• Insert
• All the above
Which of the following problem may occur
when locking is applied?

• Erroneous update
• Deadlock
• Insertion Anamoly
• All the above
Which of the following contains a complete
record of all the activities that affected the
contents of the database during a certain period
of time?
• Query Report
• DML Log
• Data Log
• Transaction Log
• None of the above
What type of operation I and J are if they are
operations in different transactions on the same data
item, and at least one of them is a write operation?

• Overwriting
• Conflicting
• Isolated
• Durable
• None of the above
If a schedule S can be transformed into a Schedule
S’ by a series of swaps of non-conflicting
instructions, then S and S’ are

• Non conflict equivalent

• Equivalent
• Conflict equivalent
• Transforming equivalent
• None of the above
The phenomenon in which one failure leads
to a series of transaction rollback is called as

• Cascading rollback
• Cascadeless rollback
• Series rollback
• Stateless Rollback
• None of the above
Consider the following four schedules due to
three transactions (indicated by the subscript)
using read and write on a data item x,
denoted by r(x) and w(x) respectively.
Which one of them is conflict serializable?

• r1(x); r2(x); w1(x); r3(x); w2(x)

• r2(x);r1(x);w2(x);r3(x);w1(x)
• r3(x);r2(x);r1(x);w2(x);w1(x)
• r2(x);w2(x);r3(x);r1(x);w1(x)
Which of the following concurrency control
protocols ensure both conflict serializability and
freedom from deadlock?
I. 2-phase locking
II. Time-stamp ordering

• I Only
• II Only
• Both I and II
• Neither I nor II
Which of the following systems is responsible
for ensuring durability?

• Recovery system
• Atomic system
• Concurrency control system
• Transaction Management
The deadlock state can be changed back to
stable state by using _____________ statement

• commit
• rollback
• savepoint
• deadlock
If a transaction has obtained a __________
lock, it can read but cannot write on the item

• Exclusive lock
• Shared
• Read only
• Write only
Which of the following can be used to
implement a timestamp?

• System clock
• Logical counter
• External counter
• Both 1 and 2
In timestamp ordering protocol, suppose that the
transaction Ti issues write(Q) and TS(Ti)<W-
timestamp(Q), then
• Read operation is executed
• Read operation is rejected
• Write operation is executed
• Write operation is rejected
If database modifications occur while the
transaction is still active, the transaction is said to
use the ___________technique.
• Deferred modification
• Late modification
• Immediate modification
• Undo
• Redo
Collections of operations that form a
single logical unit of work are called

• Views
• Units
• Transactions
• Tables
Consider money is transferred from
(1)account-A to account-B and
(2) account-B to account-A.
Which of the following form a transaction?
• Only 1
• Only 2
• Both 1 and 2, individually
• Neither 1 nor 2
A transaction is delimited by statements
(or function calls) of the form __________

• Begin transaction and end transaction

• Start transaction and stop transaction
• Get transaction and post transaction
• Read transaction and write transaction
Identify the characteristics of transaction

• Atomicity
• Durability
• Isolation
• Consistency
• All the above
Which of the following has “all-or-none”
property?

• Atomicity
• Durability
• Isolation
• Consistency
• All the above
A transaction that has not been completed
successfully is called as

• Compensating transaction
• Aborted transaction
• Active transaction
• Partially committed transaction
• Commited transaction
The execution sequences in concurrency
control are termed as

• Serials
• Schedules
• Organizations
• View control
• None of the above
Which of the following is used to recover the
database, after a transaction in progress
terminates abnormally?
• Transit
• Trace
• Rollback
• Rollforward
• None of the above
A shared lock allows which of the following
operation(s) in a transaction

• Delete
• Update
• Read
• Insert
• All the above
Which of the following problem may occur
when locking is applied?

• Erroneous update
• Deadlock
• Insertion Anamoly
• All the above
Which of the following contains a complete record
of all the activities that affected the contents of the
database during a certain period of time?

• Query Report
• DML Log
• Data Log
• Transaction Log
• None of the above
What type of operation I and J are if they are
operations in different transactions on the same data
item, and at least one of them is a write operation?

• Overwriting
• Conflicting
• Isolated
• Durable
• None of the above
If a schedule S can be transformed into a Schedule S’ by a series
of swaps of non-conflicting instructions, then S and S’ are

• Non conflict equivalent

• Equivalent
• Conflict equivalent
• Transforming equivalent
• None of the above
The phenomenon in which one failure leads to
a series of transaction rollback is called as

• Cascading rollback
• Cascadeless rollback
• Series rollback
• Stateless Rollback
• None of the above
Consider the following four schedules due to three
transactions (indicated by the subscript)
using read and write on a data item x, denoted by r(x)
and w(x) respectively.
Which one of them is conflict serializable?

• r1(x); r2(x); w1(x); r3(x); w2(x)

• r2(x);r1(x);w2(x);r3(x);w1(x)
• r3(x);r2(x);r1(x);w2(x);w1(x)
• r2(x);w2(x);r3(x);r1(x);w1(x)
Which of the following concurrency control protocols
ensure both conflict serializability and freedom from
deadlock?
I. 2-phase locking
II. Time-stamp ordering

• I Only
• II Only
• Both I and II
• Neither I nor II
Which of the following systems is
responsible for ensuring durability?

• Recovery system
• Atomic system
• Concurrency control system
• Transaction Management
The deadlock state can be changed back to
stable state by using _____________
statement.

• commit
• rollback
• savepoint
• deadlock
If a transaction has obtained a __________
lock, it can read but cannot write on the
item
• Exclusive lock
• Shared
• Read only
• Write only
Which of the following can be used to
implement a timestamp?

• System clock
• Logical counter
• External counter
• Both 1 and 2
In timestamp ordering protocol, suppose that
the transaction Ti issues write(Q) and
TS(Ti)<W-timestamp(Q), then

• Read operation is executed

• Read operation is rejected
• Write operation is executed
• Write operation is rejected
If database modifications occur while the
transaction is still active, the transaction is said
to use the ___________technique.
• Deferred modification
• Late modification
• Immediate modification
• Undo
• Redo