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Miller
Miller
Miller
Amplifier Circuits
from Microelectronic Circuits Text
by Sedra and Smith
Oxford Publishing
The College of New Jersey (TCNJ) – ELC251 Electronics I
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Based on Textbook: Microelectronic Circuits by Adel S. Sedra (0195323033)
Introduction
Two Stages:
Differential Pair Q1/Q2.
Biased by current source Q5
Fed by a reference current IREF
Current Mirror Load Q3/Q4.
Frequency Compensation
Voltage Gain 20V/V to 60V/V
Reasonable Common-Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR)
The College of New Jersey (TCNJ) – ELC251 Electronics I
http://anthony.deese.googlepages.com
Based on Textbook: Microelectronic Circuits by Adel S. Sedra (0195323033)
12.1.1. Input Common-
Mode Range and
Output Swing
W/L 6 W/L 7
(eq12.1) dc offset elimination: 2
W/L 4 W/L 5
(eq12.2) common-mode input: VICM VSS Vtn VOV 3 Vtp
(eq12.3) common-mode input: VICM VDD VOV 5 Vtp VOV 1
(eq12.4) VSS VOV 3 Vtn Vtp VICM Vtp VOV 1 VOV 5
(eq12.5) VSS VOV 6 vO VDD VOV 7
2I / 2 I
(eq12.7) stage-one transconductance: Gm1
VOV 1 VOV 1
(eq12.8) R1 ro2 || ro 4
(eq12.9) ro2 VA2 / I /2
(eq12.10) ro 4 VA 4 / I /2
(eq12.11) gain of first stage: A1 Gm1R1
(eq12.12) gain of first stage: A1 gm1 ro2 || ro 4
1 2 1
(eq12.13) gain of first stage: A1 /
The College of New Jersey (TCNJ) – ELC251 Electronics I
VOV 1 VA2 VA 4
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Based on Textbook: Microelectronic Circuits by Adel S. Sedra (0195323033)
12.1.1. Input Common-
Mode Range and 2ID 6
(eq12.14) stage-two transconductance: Gm2 gm6
Output Swing VOV 6
(eq12.15) R2 ro6 || ro7
(eq12.16) ro6 VA6 / ID 6
(eq12.17) ro 4 VA7 / ID 7 VA7 / ID 6
(eq12.18) voltage gain of second stage: A2 Gm2R2
(eq12.19) voltage gain of second stage: A2 gm6 ro6 || ro7
2 1 1
(eq12.20) voltage gain of second stage: A2 /
VOV 6 VA6 VA7
(eq12.21) overall dc gain: Av Gm1R1Gm2R2
(eq12.22) overall dc gain: Av gm1 ro2 || ro 4 gm6 ro6 || ro7
(eq12.21) output resistance: Ro ro6 || ro7
The College of New Jersey (TCNJ) – ELC251 Electronics I
http://anthony.deese.googlepages.com
Based on Textbook: Microelectronic Circuits by Adel S. Sedra (0195323033)
12.1.1. Input Common-
Mode Range and
Output Swing
ft
(eq12.34) P2 tan
1
fP 2
ft
(eq12.36) Z tan 1
fZ
ft 1 ft
(eq12.37) total 90 tan tan O 1
fZ fZ
(eq12.38) phase margin 180O total
The College of New Jersey (TCNJ) – ELC251 Electronics I
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Based on Textbook: Microelectronic Circuits by Adel S. Sedra (0195323033)
Figure 12.5: Small-signal equivalent circuit of the op amp in Fig. 12.1 with a
The College of New Jersey (TCNJ) – ELC251 Electronics I
resistance R included in series with CC.
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Based on Textbook: Microelectronic Circuits by Adel S. Sedra (0195323033)
12.1.6. Slew Rate
Figure 12.6: A unity-gain follower with a large step input. Since the output voltage
cannot change immediately, a large differential voltage appears between the op-
The College of New Jersey (TCNJ) – ELC251 Electronics I
http://anthony.deese.googlepages.com amp input terminals.
Based on Textbook: Microelectronic Circuits by Adel S. Sedra (0195323033)
12.1.6. Slew Rate
Figure 12.7:
The College of NewModel
Jersey (TCNJ)of theElectronics
– ELC251 two-stage
I CMOS op-amp of Fig. 12.1 when a large
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differential
Based on Textbook: Microelectronic Circuits by Adel voltage is applied.
S. Sedra (0195323033)
Relationship
Between SR and ft
Figure 12.8:
Structure of the
folded-cascode
CMOS op amp.
FigureThe12.9: ANew
College of more complete
Jersey (TCNJ) circuit
– ELC251 Electronics I for the folded-cascode CMOS amplifier of Fig.
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Based on Textbook: Microelectronic Circuits by Adel S. Sedra (0195323033)12.8.
12.2.2. Input Common-
Mode Range and
Output Swing
FigureThe12.10: Small-signal
College of New equivalent
Jersey (TCNJ) – ELC251 Electronics I circuit of the folded-cascode CMOS amplifier.
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Note
Based on that
Textbook:this circuit
Microelectronic is byinAdel
Circuits effect an operational transconductance amplifier (OTA).
S. Sedra (0195323033)
12.3. The 741 Op-
Amp Circuit
Figure 12.13: The 741 op-amp circuit: Q11, Q12, and R5 generate a reference bias current; IREF. Q10, Q9, and
Q8 bias the input stage, which is composed of Q1 to Q7. The second gain stage is composed of Q16 and Q17
with Q13B acting as active load. The class AB output stage is formed by Q14 and Q20 with biasing devices Q13A,
Q18, and Q19,ofand
The College New an input
Jersey (TCNJ)buffer
– ELC251Q23. Transistors
Electronics I Q15, Q21, Q24, and Q22 serve to protect the amplifier
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against
Based on Textbook: Microelectronic Circuits by Adeloutput short circuits and are normally cut off.
S. Sedra (0195323033)
12.3.3. The Input
Stage
Figure 12.21: Small-signal equivalent circuit for the input stage of the 741 op
The College of New Jersey (TCNJ) – ELC251 Electronics I
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Based on Textbook: Microelectronic Circuits by Adel S. Sedra (0195323033)
12.5. Small Signal
Analysis of 741