By:

Ardoña, Sidney
Avenido, Kylle Sheen
Boco, Paul ichael
Experiment No: 5
 To know the mechanical properties of a
Reinforcement Steel Bars through Static
Bending
 To be able to get the Elastic Bending of a
Steel Bar.
 To know the different functions of Universal
Testing Machine (UTM).
 In mechanics, bending (also known as flexure) characterizes
the behavior of a slender structural element subjected to an
external load applied perpendicularly to a longitudinal axis of
the element.
 In the Euler–Bernoulli theory of slender beams, a major
assumption is that 'plane sections remain plane'. In other
words, any deformation due to shear across the section is
not accounted for (no shear deformation).
 Bending of beams is the next form of internal stress
after uniform tensile/compressive stress and torsional
shear stress. It is the most significant type of internal
load transfer. What we want to derive in the present
chapter is a relationship between the normal stresses
in the beam cross-section and the applied bending
moments. To achieve this we need to do three things:
• Determine some assumptions to simplify the analysis
• Determine the geometric relationships of the deformed
beam
• Determine the load equilibrium conditions.
 Universal Testing Machine (UTM)
 Vernier Caliper
 Hack Saw
 Bench Vise
 Hammer
 Gloves
 Goggles
 Cover-all
 Steel toe shoes
 ¼” by ½” Reinforcement Steel Bar
 ½” by ½” Reinforcement Steel Bar
 You must wear safety gears during the experiment
such as goggles. And also gloves if needed.
 Always ask permission in using machines in the
laboratory.
 Perform only those experiments authorized by your
teacher.
 No eating, no drinking and most of all no smoking
inside the testing area.
 Keep in mind that we are not in the laboratory to play.
 Avoid bringing other things inside the testing area like
ID, pens, papers, money, and towels.
 Always your keep distance when the
Universal Testing Machine (UTM) is working
with the material.
 Always cleanliness in the working station.
 If you don’t understand on how to perform
the experiment ask the assistance of the
teacher or the person in charge in the station.
 Get the all the equipments and materials needed in the
experiment.
 Secure the 2 piece of reinforcement bar of diameter size.
Then slice the 2 piece reinforcement bar of different size
into 6 inches each.
 Measure the diameter of each reinforcement bars using
the vernier caliper.
 Keep the distance of the specimen in between the rollers.
 Set the dial to zero as well as the pendulum at the back of
UTM.
 Switch on the Universal Testing Machine (UTM).
 Turn on the Universal Testing Machine.
 Press the start button beside the switch.
 The specimen shall then gently tapped by hand to minimize
friction at the supports.
 Apply load for the material to bend the specimen.
 Write down the initial load to start the bending. And after write
down the final/ maximum load needed for the calculation.
 Keep an eye to the bended material and watch out for some
cracks.
 Draw the graph of the Shears and modulus graph.
 Find the Maximum Elastic Bending and corresponding
deflection.
 ASTM standards
 ME 324ML – Materials Laboratory Manual
 Lecture Notes of Mechanics of Solids, Chapter 6
 Askeland Science Engineering Materials 6th edition Textbook
 Chapter 4 –Properties in Bending and Shear (PART I) by
Dr.OğuzhanYılmaz Assistant Professor
 Static Bending Test on Longitudinally Stiffened Plate
grinder by Michael A. D’Apice, & Peter Cooper
 Static Bending Examples by Mathalino
 The Science and Engineering of Materials, 4th ed
Donald R. Askeland – Pradeep P. Phulé
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