Prepared By :

Tarun Tyagi
Some very basic
concepts

1. What is BTS?
2. What is the working of MSC
 Types of switching

Circuit switching
Message switching
Packet switching

3. Where do we use these switchings?

4. What is the general difference between ROUTER

and a SWITCH?
Some more basic questions

Use of TDMA

Why CDMA Technology is not that much

popular than GSM as it is more advanced
technology?
 Where are We?

 Classic Wireline MaBell Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)

 US Universal coverage achieved early 1980’s
 “Wireless” First Generation Analog Systems
 Speech
 AMPS, TACS
 Second Generation Digital Systems
 Enhanced Capacity
 CDMA, D-AMPS, TDMA, GSM, DECT, PDC
 2.5 Generation Systems
 Low Speed Data
 GPRS, EDGE
 Third Generation Systems
 “INTERNET” on Wireless
 WiFi/HyperLAN <-> WiMAX/HyperWAN <-> CDMA2000/WCDMA
 Evolution to All IP Network including VoIP
 3G In India

 In 2008, India entered into 3G arena with the launch of 3G enabled

Mobile and Data services by Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. (BSNL) in
Bihar(Patna). BSNL is the first Mobile operator in India to launch 3G
services. After that (MTNL) launched 3G in Mumbai & Delhi.
Government owned Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd (BSNL) has already been
provided with a 3G license and has been operating its services in 380
cities by the end of March 2010. Nation wide
auction of 3G wireless spectrum in April 2010 was announced. The
Auction was a great success for Government Of India, as it collected
triple the amount it was expecting. The estimation for both 3G and BWA
was around Rs 35,000/- Crore ($7.6 billion). Total revenue the
Government collected was nearly Rs 1,06,000 Crore ($23 billion).[17]
Private providers are expected to provide its 3G service from September
2010
3G Spectrum auction India

Contents
1 Players
2 Controversy
3 Auction Results
 Players

 The private companies which participated in the auction

were
 Bharti Airtel
 Aircel
 Idea Cellular
 Reliance Communications
 S Tel
 Tata Teleservices
 Vodafone Essar
 Apart from these state owned MTNL and BSNL were also
allotted Spectrum
 Controversy
 The telecom minister of the Government of India A. Raja of the DMK
was alleged of irregularities in the earlier sale of 2G Spectrum auction.
The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India claimed that by not holding
2G auction A. Raja had lost crores of Rupees for the exchequer. A lot of
political parties in India like the CPM and AIADMK had pressed for the
resignation of Mr. Raja before the auction. . The
Central Bureau of Investigation has been brought in to investigate the
charges.

 Auction Results
 The auction took 34 days and 183 rounds of bidding. The top circle or
telecom region was Delhi at a price of 3316.94 Crore INR per operator.
Mumbai came in Second. The top five circles Delhi, Mumbai, Karnataka,
Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh accounted for 65.56% of the total bids.
 3G - What is WCDMA frequency for Airtel &
BSNL?

 the frequency of BSNL's 3G connection is 2100 MHz.

But, Airtel's 3G is only available for the iPhone. Till
now, Airtel hasn't launched the 3G for other phones
like the Nokia's or Sony Ericsson's.

The maximum speed is 2.4 Megabits per second on

the download link and 153.6 kilobits per second on
the upload link.
 UMTS/W-CDMA

The name UMTS(Universal Mobile

Telecommunication System), introduced by ETSI, is
usually used in Europe. Outside of Europe, the
system is also known by other names such as
FOMA[1] or W-CDMA.[nb 1][1] In marketing, it is often
referred to as 3G or 3G+
ETSI: European Telecommunications Standards Institute
(ETSI)
FOMA: Freedom of Mobile Multimedia Access
3G Architechture
 Components

User equipment UE

Node B

RNC(Radio Network Controller)

Core Network
UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Access Network)
GSM Network

SCP
gsm
PSTN/ISDN SSP SCF
STP
ISUP IN
HLR
AuC
C
Gw-MSC
Billing
E, I

C, D Center
Call

SU
P

VLR SMS-GW
MSC
GSM
04.08 A

BSS

UE
Circuit domain
GSM & GPRS

SCP
gsm
PSTN/ISDN SSP IP Services PDN
SCF
STP
ISUP IN Gi
HLR
AuC Gc
C
Gw-MSC GGSN
Billing Ga Data,
CGw
E, I

C, D
Center voice,
Call

SU

Gn video
Ga
P

call
SMS-GW Gr
VLR
MSC SGSN
GSM
GSM
04.08+ A Gb 04.08+

BSS

UE
Circuit domain Packet domain
WCDMA/UMTS

SCP
gsm
PSTN/ISDN SSP IP Services PDN
SCF
STP IN, CAMEL
ISUP Gi+
HLR+
AuC Gc+
C
Gw-MSC GGSN
Billing Ga+ Data,
C+, D+ CGw
E+,

Center voice,
Call

Gn+
IS

video
Ga+
UP

call
VLR SMS-GW Gr+
3G-MSC 3G-SGSN
GSM
GSM
04.08++ Iu-cs Iu-ps 04.08++

UTRAN

UE
Circuit domain Packet domain
 Some of the applications are:

Mobile TV – a provider redirects a TV channel directly

to the subscriber's phone where it can be watched.
Video on demand – a provider sends a movie to the
subscriber's phone.
Video conferencing – subscribers can see as well as
talk to each other.
Tele-medicine – a medical provider monitors or
provides advice to the potentially isolated subscriber.
Location-based services – a provider sends localized
weather or traffic conditions to the phone, or the phone
allows the subscriber to find nearby businesses or
friends.