BLOWDOWN IN

COOLING TOWER

Prepared by:
Rhitam Singh
4th year/7th Sem, NSEC

Under the guidance of:

Shri S.S. Batwe
(DGM, FS & PD)
MECON LIMITED
COOLING TOWER

A cooling tower is heat removal device that uses

water to transfer process waste heat into the
atmosphere. All cooling towers operate on the
principle of removing heat from water be
evaporating a small portion of water that is
recirculated through the unit. The mixing of warm
water and cooler air releases latent heat of
vaporization, causing a cooling effect to the water.
CLASSIFICATION OF COOLING TOWERS

 Air Introduction Method

(i) Natural Draft Cooling Towers
(ii) Mechanical Draft Cooling Towers
(a) Induced Mechanical Draft
(b) Forced Mechanical Draft
 Flow Configuration
(i) Cross Flow Configuration
(ii) Counter Flow Configuration
HEAT TRANSFER THROUGH EVAPORATION

Evaporation results in vapour escaping from

the surface of the liquid. The vapour require
energy to escape which it gets from heat. As
vapour escapes the surface, they carry with
them some heat content of the liquid and
thus cause the liquid surface to cool.
TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS

TDS stands for Total Dissolved Solids, and represents the

total concentration of dissolved substances in water. TDS is
made up of inorganic salts, as well as a small amount of
organic matter. Common inorganic salts that can be found in
water include calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium
The concentration of the dissolved ions may cause the water
to be corrosive, salty or brackish taste, result in scale
formation
BLOW-DOWN
Blowdown is a fundamental method used to control total
dissolved solids in cooling towers by removing a portion of
the recirculated water to keep impurities at acceptable
levels.

B = E/ (COC-1)
where, B = Blow Down (m3/hr)
E = Evaporation Loss (m3/hr)
COC = Cycle of Concentration varies
from 3.0 to 7.0 depending upon
manufactures guidelines.
CYCLE OF CONCENTRATION

COC is one of the most important concepts in

cooling water treatment. It measures the
degree to which the solid impurities in the
makeup water are concentrated in the
recirculating water of an evaporative system.

COC= Concentration in Cooling Water / Concentration in Makeup

Water
COOLING TOWER CALCULATIONS

 Approach = Cold Water Temperature – Wet Bulb

Temperature
 Range = Hot Water Temperature – Cold Water Temperature
 Cooling Tower Efficiency = (Hot Water Temperature – Cold
water Temperature) x 100
 M=E+D+B
Where, M = Make up water Requirement in m3/hr
B = Blow Down in m3/hr
E = Evaporation Loss in m3/hr
D = Drift Loss in m3/hr
Thank you!