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Psychrometry N Cooling Load Calc
Psychrometry N Cooling Load Calc
Psychrometry N Cooling Load Calc
Munish Gupta
Associate Professor
Mechanical Engineering
Psychrometry Psychrometric Chart Moist Air Prop. Psychrometric Processes Cooling Load Calculations
PSYCHROMETRY
PSYCHROMETRY Science dealing with physical laws of
air – water mixtures.
• When designing an air-conditioning system, the temp. and
moisture content of the air to be conditioned and that of the air
needed to produce the desired air conditioning effect, must be
known. Once these properties are known, the air conditioning task
can be determined. This analysis can be performed using the
psychrometric chart.
• Psychrometric Chart: graphically displays several physical
properties of air over a broad range of conditions. Knowing the
relationship of these air properties aids the task of air conditioning
system design and analysis.
OR
It can also be defined as the temp.
upto which air must be cooled at
constant pressure, in order to cause
condensation of all of its water
vapours.
SATURATED AIR
When DBT = WBT = DPT
then air is saturated., means it can’t hold more moisture.
PSYCHROMETRIC CHART
DBT Lines
WBT Lines
RH Lines
HR Lines
DPT Lines
hr
I
26C
Dr. Munish Gupta 27
Psychrometry Psychrometric Chart Moist Air Prop. Psychrometric Processes Cooling Load Calculations
PSYCHROMETRIC PROCESSES
1. Sensible Cooling
2. Sensible Heating
3. Humidification
4. De-humidification
5. Cooling and De-humidification
6. Cooling and Humidification
7. Heating and De-humidification
8. Heating and Humidification
9. Adiabatic Mixing of Two Stream of Air
SENSIBLE COOLING
SENSIBLE HEATING
HUMIDIFICATION
DE-HUMIDIFICATION
De-humidification
Sensible heating
• The sensible heating of air is
the process in which only
the sensible heat of the air is added so as
to increase its temperature, and there is
no change in the moisture content (kg/kg
of dry air) of the air.
• The heat addition during the process on
chart is given by q=(h2-h1)
• DBT increases
• Relative humidity decreases
• Specific humidity remains constant
• q=(h2-h1)
• q=SH=macpm(∆t)
• It can be done by electric heater, passing
hot water or steam through heating coil
Sensible cooling
• The sensible cooling of air is
the process in which only
the sensible heat of the air is removed
so as to reduce its temperature, and
there is no change in the moisture
content (kg/kg of dry air) of the air.
• The heat rejection during the process on
chart is given by q=(h2-h1)
• DBT reduces
• Relative humidity increases
• Specific humidity remains constant
•q=(h2-h1)
•q=SH=macpm(∆t)
• It can be done by refrigerant, cooling
water or cool gas through coil.
By-Pass Factor
• One Kg of air is passed
• B kg of air is by-passed
• (1-B) kg comes in contact with
coil
• Balancing enthalpies
• Bcpmt1+(1-B) cpmt2=1cpmt3
• B=(t2-t3)/(t2-t1) (heating Coil)
• The performance of heating
and cooling coil is measured in
terms of a by-pass factor
• Low BF better performance
BY-PASS FACTOR
Cooling
Td1 Coil (Td3) Td2
ha hc
ADP
Dr. Munish Gupta 38
Psychrometry Psychrometric Chart Moist Air Prop. Psychrometric Processes Cooling Load Calculations
Humidification
•The addition of moisture to the
air without change in DBT is
called humidification (heat is
added).RH and specific humidity
increases. DBT remains constant.
Only Latent heat is added
•Q=(h2-h1)=mahfg∆W Humidification
Dehumidification
•The removal of moisture to the
air without change in DBT is
called dehumidification (heat is
removed) De-humidification
The sensible heat factor is shown on the right side of psychometric chart
Mass balance
ma+mb=mc
Mass balance of water vapours
maWa+mbWb=mcWc
Energy balance
maha+mbhb=mchc
mb/ma=(hc-ha ) / (hc-hb)
Dr. Munish Gupta 48
Psychrometry Psychrometric Chart Moist Air Prop. Psychrometric Processes Cooling Load Calculations
• According to purpose
• According to season of year
• According to the arrangement of equipment
• The supply air condition and room design condition must lie on this line
• Join the alignment circle to sensible heat factor ratio point. The line is
called base line Mark point having room design condition
• From the above said point draw a line parallel to base line. The line is
called Room sensible heat factor line.
• Calculate RSHF
• Mark point 4 and 1
• Mark line a-b (alingnment circle
and RSHF points)
• Draw line 4-5 parallel to a-b
• Mark point-2
• Join 1-2 upto point 6 (i.e., 1-6 line)
(GSHF line)
• Find pont 3 from mixing air (Point
3 is supply air to room)
• Find mass of supply air
• Find make up air
• Find ADP temperature
• Find by pass factor
• B=(td2-ADP)/(td1-ADP)
• Calculate RSHF
• Mark line a-b (alingnment circle
and RSHF points)
• Draw line 2-5 parallel to a-b
(RSHF line)
• Mark point-3 (20% Fresh air 80%
recirculated air)
• Join 3-6 such that Length 4-
6=Length 3-6 X 0.15 (Hit and trial)
• Supply air flow rate
RSH=0.02044ν(td2-td4) find ν
• OASH= 0.02044νₒ(td2-td4) find
νₒ=0.2 ν
• OALH=50 ν ₒ(W1-W2)
• GTH=TSH+TLH
• ERSH=RSH + OASHXBF
• ERLH=RLH + OALHXBF
• Find ERSH Dr. Munish Gupta 63
Psychrometry Psychrometric Chart Moist Air Prop. Psychrometric Processes Cooling Load Calculations
o
SHi = mi * (hi – hr)
hi
hr
m
r i
O: DBT=34, WBT= 28
I24 I
28
I
34
Dr. Munish Gupta 71
r: DBT=24, RH= 50%
Psychrometry Psychrometric Chart Moist Air Prop. Psychrometric Processes Cooling Load Calculations
Coil ho
Condition
Curve
hi
hr
m
r i
e
a
O: DBT=34, WBT= 28
I24 I
28
I
34
Dr. Munish Gupta 73
r: DBT=24, RH= 50%
Psychrometry Psychrometric Chart Moist Air Prop. Psychrometric Processes Cooling Load Calculations