GROUP 12

Akuntansi 5A

Internal and Governmental Financial

Auditing and Operational Auditing
Dosen Pengampu: Drs. Abdul Hamid Cebba, Ak,
MBA, CA, CPA
AUDITING 2
THE TRIANGLE FRAMEWORK
MEMBERS

Amalia Viera Akhmad Rizal

Ramadhanti Salsabilla P Fauzi
11170820000023 11170820000005 11170820000038
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

After studying this chapter, you should be able to

understanding about:

1. Internal Financial Auditing

2. Relationship of Internal and External Auditors
3. Governmental Financial Auditing
4. Standards Generally Accepted Government Auditing
5. Operational Auditing
6. Types of Operational Audits
7. Phases in Operational Auditing
 INTERNAL FINANCIAL AUDITING
What is The Institute of Internal Auditing definiting of Internal Auditing

Internal
It is an independent, objective assurance and
Auditing?
consulting activity designed to add value and improve
an organization’s operations

It helps an organization accomplish its objectives

by bringing a systematic, disciplined approach to
evaluate and improve the effectiveness of:

Risk Management
Controls
Governance Processes
Institute of Internal Auditors Ethical Principles and Rules of Conduct

Confidentially
Integrity

Objectivity Competency
Relationship of Internal and External Auditors

The external auditor is

The internal auditor is
responsible
responsible
to financial statement
to management
users

Both must be competent,

objective, use a similar
methodology, and consider
risk and materiality
 Govermental Financial Auditing

Government audit covers all audits carried out by the

institutions of government audit and audit of all
government organizations.

Government audit institutions include:

• US General Accounting Office
• The Defense Contract Audit Agency
• Agencies state examination
(State audit agencies)
Types of Government
01 Financial Audit

Auditing (Types of
Government Audits) 02 Attestation Engagements

03 Performance Audits
 Standards Generally Accepted Gov
ernment Auditing

01 Generally Accepted Government Auditing

Standards (initiated) 02 GAGAS include AICPA auditing standards generally
accepted for fieldwork and reporting

The US General Accounting Office (GAO) sets
auditing standards for audits of various:
• Government organizations
• Government program
• Government activities
• Government functions
• Government funds received by non-governmental organizations
GAO audit standards to be followed by auditors and audit organizations
when required by law, regulation, agreement or contract, or policy.
GAGAS classified into six categories, namely:
• Common standards (General standards)
• Standard fieldwork (fieldwork standards) for financial
audit
• Standard reporting (reporting standards) for financial
audit
• General standards, field work and reporting to the
engagement / assignment attestation Not discussed.
• Field work standards for performance audits
• Reporting standards for performance audits
Financial Audit and Reporting Requirements – Yellow Book
Financial Auditing Standards of the Yellow Book
Consistent with GAAS/
Provide additional guidance…

Materiality
? Reporting

and
significance

Compliance Auditing
 The purpose of operational auditing is to
Operational Auditing determine the effectiveness or efficiency
of any part of an organization

Financial Auditing emphasizes whether

historical information was correctly
recorded while operational auditing
emphasizes effectiveness and efficiency

Effectiveness Effectiveness
refers to refers to
accomplishing accomplishing
objectives objectives
Differences between Operational
and Financial Auditing

03
Inclusion of
02 nonfinancial
Distribution areas
01 of the
reports
Purpose
of the
audit
 Types of Operational Audits

Organizational Special
Functional
Assignments

PowerPoint
Who Performs Operational Audits
Presentation

Internal CPA Firms

auditors Government
auditors
Independence and Competence of
Operational Auditors
The two most important
qualities for an operational
auditor

Independence Competence
 Phases in Operational Auditing
Planning
• Scope of
engagement
• Staffing
• Background
information
• Understand internal
control
• Decide on
appropriate evidence
Reporting Follow-up
Evidence
Accumulation and • Report usually sent
Evaluation to management
• Tailored reports
• Documentation
• Follow-up on
• Client inquiry
recommendations
• Observation
• with management
Sebagaimana telah dibahas panjang lebar mengenai pengertian audit internal adalah
pemeriksaan oleh internal audit perusahaan terhadap:

- Laporan keuangan: neraca, laporan laba rugi, laporan perubahan modal, laporan arus kas dan
catatan atas laporan keuangan.
- Pencatatan akuntansi perusahaan, dan
- Ketaatan terhadap peraturan perusahaan, pemerintah, dan ikatan profesi.

Hasil pemeriksaan audit internal disimpulkan dan didokumentasikan dalam list of audit findings.

Hasil pekerjaan audit internal, seperti temuan audit dan rekomendasi harus disampaikan kepada
manajemen perusahaan dalam bentuk laporan audit internal perusahaan.

Proses penyusunan laporan dimulai dari mengumpulkan temuan audit sampai dengan
dikeluarkannya final audit report.
 • Mencuri sebagian perangko yang dimiliki di
perusahaan
• Mencuri barang dagangan, peralatan kecil,
perlengkapan kantor, dan peralatan kerja lainnya.
• Pembebanan yang berlebih pada biaya perjalanan atau
Berikut ini beberapa memakai uang muka perjalanan untuk kepentingan
contoh jenis indikasi pribadi.
penyimpangan dan • Mengubah tanggal pada bukti setoran untuk menutupi
kecurangan (fraud & penggelapan uang.
• Melakukan pembulatan setoran untuk menutupi
colussion) yang sering kekurangan yang mungkin terjadi pada akhir bulan.
terjadi dan dapat • Pada daftar gaji, mencatat adanya kerja lembur yang
merugikan sebenarnya tidak ada, menaikkan tarif kerja per jamnya
atau menambah jumlah jam kerja yang dilakukan.
perusahaan, yaitu: • Memakai bukti pengeluaran pribadi pada saat
mempertanggungjawabkan biaya perjalanan dinas.
• Contoh laporan audit internal perusahaan
• Contoh laporan audit operasional
Thank you
