Horizontal jaw relations

Phillip pfaff (1756)

 Called “mush” or
“Biscuit” or ”Squash
bite”
 Classification of Horizontal jaw
relations
A. Centric relation

B. Eccentric relation
a) protrusive relations
b) lateral relations

> left lateral relations

> right lateral relations
 CENTRIC RELATION
 Maxillomandibular relationship.
 Condyles articulate with thinnest
avascular portion of their respective
disks.
 Condyle – disk assembly in its most
anterior superior position against the
slopes of articular eminences.
 Independent of tooth contacts.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF CENTRIC
RELATION(CR)
 CR is more definitive & independent of tooth presence or
absence.
 Recordable & reproducible over a period of time .
 Serve as reference to established an occlusion.
 when CR & CO do not coincide, periodontium of natural teeth
are endangered & instability of CDs.
 Helps to detect mounting errors.
 Accurate CR record properly orient the lower cast to opening
axis of articulator & the mandible.
 Helps in proper adjustment of condylar guidance for the
control of eccentric movements of the instrument.

rim.
 Methods used to record centric
relation
A. Tactile / interocclusal check record.
B. functional / chew-in methods.
a) Needle house method.
b) Patterson’s method.
c) Mayer’s method
c. Graphic methods.
a) Intraoral tracings
b) Extra oral tracings
D. Terminal Hinge Axis Method.
 Methods used to record centric
relation
E. Other Methods.
a) Heating one of the surface of
occlusal rim.
b) Deep heating or pooling
method.
c) soft wax / Celluloloid strip is
placed over lower rim.
d) Soft wax cones are placed
over lower rim.
Tactile / interocclusal check record.

 Can be used to:

1) record CR
2) verify CR on articulators
3) record eccentric
relations
Steps In Recording The tactile /
Interocclusal Check Record

Step # 01: Training the patient

Step # 02: Indexing The Rim

Step # 03: Recording CR

 Bite Registration Materials

 Quick setting plaster

 Bite registration (ZOE) paste
 Bite registration wax
 Bite registration silicone
 Requirements of bite
registration material

 Dimensionally accurate after setting.

 Should be fluid in consistency during
rerecording to avoid pressure .
 Adequate working time
 Short setting time
 Graphic/Excursive/ Gothic Arch
Tracing Methods.

USES
1. To obtained the CR record records.

2. Used to verify CR records obtained

by other methods.

3. Used to obtained protrusive &

lateral (eccentric) records
 Recording Method
 Central Bearing Device:

1. Consist of pair of central bearing plates.

2. The plate attached to maxillary rim contain stylus/
bearing pin.
3. The plate attached to mandibular rim consist of tracing
table.
4. The stylus traces an “ARROW POINT” corresponding to
mandibular movement.
5. To obtained tracing, the tracing plate is painted with
some marking substance (carbon, ink, wax)
6. Sharp apex of arrow point represents an accurate centric.
INTRA-ORAL TRACING METHOD
 Take the tentative CR record & mount the
rims .
 Attaches the central bearing devices to
corresponding rim.
 Adjust the stylus to obtained its contact to
tracing plate at predetermined OVD.
 Transfer the assembly into the mouth to
obtained ‘arrow point’ tracing
corresponding to protrusive & lateral
movements.
TRANSFERING THE RECORD TO
ARTICULATOR
 Take 4×6 cm plastic strip ( bur box lid).
 Drill two hole middle of the strip, 4–to-6 mm gap
in between the holes.
 Fix the strip over the tracing plate in such a way
that hole must corresponds to sharp apex of
arrow point while other hole must be over the
line representing protrusion or lateral
movements.
 Shift the assembly into the mouth guide the
mandible into centric till stylus drops into the
posterior hole.
 Pour bite registering material b/w upper & lower
wax rims , wait till it sets.
 Remove & transfer the record to articulator.
 DIFFICULTIES IN RECORDING
THE CR
 BIOLOGICAL DIFFICULTIES;
1. Neuromuscular in-coordination.
2. TMJ problems.
3. Bite of convenience.
4. The amount & character of saliva.
5. Maxillo-mandibular relationship

 ANATOMICAL FACTORS;
1. Resiliency of supporting tissues.
2. Size & position of the tongue.
3. The character & size of residual alveolar ridge
 DIFFICULTIES IN RECORDING
THE CR
 Mechanical Factors;
1. Stability of denture bases.
2. Character of pressure applied in recording the
CR.
3. Technique used in making the CR records.
4. Posture of the patient.

 PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTOR;
1. Anxiety
2. Fatigue
3. Frustration
4. Lake of cooperation
 ECCENTRIC RELATIONS

“ANY HORIZONTAL RELATIONSHIP OF

MANDIBLE TO MAXILLA OTHER THAN
CENTRIC POSITION”
 IMPORTANCE OF ECCENTRIC
RELATIONS
 ECCENTRIC RELATION RECORDS ARE USED TO
PROGRAM AN ADJUSTABLE ARTICULATOR TO
SIMULATE THE JAW MOVEMENTS.

 PROGRAMMING OF ARTICULATOR HELPS TO

ESTABLISHED BALANCED OCCLUSION IN A
REMOVABLE PROSTHESISIS.

 HELPS TO ESTABLISHED AN OCCLUSION WHICH

IS IN HARMONY WITH THE FUNCTIONAL
MOVEMENTS OF THE MANDIBLE.
 IMPORTANANT ECCENTRIC
RELATIONS

a) protrusive relations

b) lateral relations

> left lateral relations

> right lateral relations
 Protrusive Relations
 THE PROTRUDED JAW RELATION IS THAT WHERE
MANDIBLE CAN BE PROTRUDED TO A POSITION
ANTERIOR TO THAT OF CR.

 PROTRUSIVE JAW RECORDS HELPS TO PROGRAM

HORIZONTAL CONDYLAR GUIDANCE.

 ALSO HELPS TO PROGROM LATERAL CONDYLAR

GUIDANCE.

 “CHRISTENSEN’S PHENOMENON”
 METHODS TO OBTAINED
PROTRUSIVE RECORDS
A. Tactile / interocclusal check record.

B. functional / chew-in methods.

a) Needle house method.
b) Patterson’s method.
c) Mayer’s method

c. Graphic methods.
a) Intraoral tracings
b) Extra oral tracings
 Lateral jaw relations
 The relation of mandible to maxilla when it is
moving to left or right of CR .

 Site to which the the mandible is moving is called

‘WORKING SITE’, representing characteristic
“BENNETT SHIFT”.

 Site from where mandible is moving is called

‘BALANCING SITE’, representing characteristic
“BENNETT MOVEMENT”.

 Used to program the ‘lateral condylar guidance’.

 Hanau semi-adjustable articulators do not accept
lateral relation records.
 METHODS USED TO RECORD
LATERAL JAW RELATIONS
1. Lateral check records
2. Graphic method
3. Hanau’s formula (1930)

L = H/8 +12
Where
L= lateral condylar inclination
H= Horizontal condylar inclination