HUMAN

VARIATION
Environment
and history are
two of the
primary
factors that
shape the
behavior of
human groups.
This behavior,
which serves as an
adaptive tool for
the varied stimuli
projected by the
environment, is
influenced by
beliefs, practices,
and material
possessions.
As each human
group
experiences
differing
environmental
conditions,
Cultural
Variations are
established.
 NATIONALITY &
ETHNICITY
NATIONALITY is the
identity that is tied to
being part of a nation
or country – a “group
of people who share
the same history,
traditions, and
language”. It is
acquired either by
birth or naturalization.
NATIONALITY &
ETHNICITY
Within a nation are
smaller cultural groups
that share specific
social environments,
traditions, and
histories that may not
be necessarily
subscribed to by
mainstream society.
These are called
ETHNIC GROUPS.
 GENDER
According to WHO
(2013), it “refers to
the socially
constructed roles,
behaviors, activities,
and attributes that a
given society
considers
appropriate for men
an women.”
GENDER
SEX pertains to
the biological
characteristic of
the human
person, while
GENDER is more
of the role or
identity that they
take in the society.
 LISTS OF GENDER
• Heterosexual
▫ Attraction to the gender different from their
own
• Homosexual
▫ Attraction to the gender the same as their own
• Lesbian
▫ Women who are attracted only to women
• Bisexual
▫ When you are attracted to two or more
genders
 LISTS OF GENDER
• Pansexual
▫ You do not concern the gender when you
are attracted to someone
• Bicurious
▫ When you are open to experiment
• Polysexual
▫ You are attracted to many genders
• Monosexual
▫ Being attracted to only one gender
 LISTS OF GENDER
• Allosexual
▫ When you are not attracted to any gender
• Androsexual
▫ Attracted to masculine gender presentation
• Gynosexual
▫ Attracted to feminine gender presentation
• Questioning
▫ Debating your own sexuality/gender
 LISTS OF GENDER
• Demisexual
▫ When you only experience sexual attraction
after forming a strong emotional bond
• Perioriented
▫ When your sexual and romantic orientation
targets the same gender
• Varioriented
▫ When your sexual and romantic orientation do
not target the same gender
 LISTS OF GENDER
• Grey Asexual
▫ When you rarely experience attraction
• Heteronormative
▫ The belief that heterosexuality is a norm
• Queer
▫ A reclaimed slur for anybody in the LGBT+
community
• Ally
▫ A supporter of LGBT+ community that does not
identify as LGBT+
 LISTS OF GENDER
• Transgender
▫ People whose gender identities do not match
their biological identity as male or female.
• Transsexual
▫ They believed that the discord between their
internal gender and the gender role that they
have to perform can be addressed through
medical reassignment
SEXUAL
ORIENTATIO
N refers to a
person’s
biological
identity which
may be a male
or female.
GENDER
IDENTITY is an
individual’s internal
concept of self that
may be related to
being masculine,
feminine, neither, or
both, without
relation to the
physical
characteristics that
the person has.
GENDER
EXPRESSION
is how an
individual
chooses to
present himself
or herself in
the society.
SOCIOECONOMIC CLASS
The concept of
socioeconomic class
varies between
societies as the ideas
associated with
being poor or rich
differs based on the
collective
experiences of
individuals.
SOCIOECONOMIC CLASS
Some countries would
have the three class
system: Upper, Middle,
and Working Classes.
Some would have seven
class system: Elite,
Established Middle Class,
Technical Middle Class,
New Affluent Workers,
Traditional Working
Class, Emergent Service
Workers, and the
Precariat.
SOCIOECONOMIC CLASS
Filipinos often
describe their
social class in
personalize
contexts:
mahirap, medyo
mayaman, sakto
lang, mayaman.
 POLITICAL IDENTITY
As a social category
refers to the set of
attitudes and
practices that an
individual adheres
to in relation to the
political systems
and actors within
his or her society.
RELIGION
Belief in the supernatural
has been one of the
universal preoccupations
of humans as early as 60
000 years ago. The
earliest form of religion
revolved around making
sense of natural
occurrences such as
extreme weather
conditions, natural and
man made calamities,
sickness and even death.
 RELIGION
Some are
monotheistic,
believing in the
existence of one
god, whereas
others are
polytheistic,
believing in the
existence of
multiple gods.
EXCEPTIONALITY/NON
EXCEPTIONALITY
Some individuals
do not conform to
behavioral or
cognitive norms,
not because they
intend to deviate,
but because they
are too exceptional.
ETHNOCENT
RISM is a
perspective
that promotes
an individual’s
culture as the
most efficient
and superior.
CULTURAL
RELATIVISM
promotes the
perspective that
cultures must be
understood in
the context of
their locality.
BIOLOGICAL
EGALITARIANI
SM is a
perspective that
promotes the
equality of our
biological
makeup despite
our ancestry.