SCHOOL OF FUTURE STUDIES AND

PLANNING
(DAVV INDORE)

Presentation On:
“DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM”

SUBMITTED TO- SUBMITTED BY:-

Mr. Vivek Srivastava Harshita Pathak
Dept. SFSP, DAVV MBA(BF) 1st Yr
•A Database management system is an organized
collection of interrelated data and a set of operations to
access, and manipulate those data.
•A Database Management System (DBMS) is a set
of computer programs that controls the creation,
maintenance, and the use of a database. It allows
organizations to place control of database development in
the hands of database administrators (DBAs)
The primary goal of DBMS is to provide an
environment that is both convenient and efficient to use
in retrieving and storing of information. DBMS is
designed for large body of information.
•Banking: all transactions
•Airlines: reservations, schedules
•Universities: registration, grades
•Sales: customers, products, purchases
•Manufacturing: production, inventory, orders, supply chain
•Human resources: employee records, salaries, tax
deductions
•Drawbacks of using file systems to store data:
•Data redundancy and inconsistency:
•Multiple file formats, duplication of information in different files.
•Difficulty in data processing:
•Herechanging of needs arises problem .It is needed to write a
new program to carry out each new task.
•Integrity problems
•Integrityconstraints (e.g. account balance > 0) become part of
program code
•Hard to add new constraints or change existing ones
•Atomicity Problem:-
Loss of data due to system failure during transaction or
any other processing.
E.g. transfer of funds from one account to
another should either complete or not happen
at all.
•Concurrent access problem:-
Concurrent access creates lots of problem and
delays. E.g. two people reading a balance and
updating it at the same time.
•Security Problems.
•Database systems offer solutions to all the file system
problems.
•It maintains a database at a central location and
provides its views at all necessary locations.
•It provides a high level of security by using appropriate
consistency constraints.
•Data can be inserted, deleted, updated or modified
efficiently any time.
Hiding mechanism is called as data abstraction. The
database must be easy to retrieve information efficiently
but this led to design of a complex structure of database.
The developers hide this complexity through several
levels of abstraction.
Different Levels Of Abstraction:-
•Physical level:
Describes how a record (e.g., customer) is stored and
data storage is hidden from the user.
•Logical level:
•Describes what data are stored in database, and the
relationships existing among them.
View level:
Shows only the relevant and Authorized portion of
database. Views hide information (e.g., salary) for
security purposes.
Schema:
The overall Designing of a database along with its structure
is called as a Database schema. It is partitioned according to
different levels of abstraction.
•Physical Schema at lowest level.
•Logical Schema at middle level.
•External Schema at highest level.
There is always a need of changing or updating database
over a time.
The State Of a database at any particular moment of time
is known as instance of a database.
It is the capability of a database to change the schema
definition without the application program to be rewritten.
It is divided into two categories:-
1.Physical Data Independency:
It is the ability of a database to change the schema
definition at physical level without affecting the
Application program.
2. Logical Data Independency:
It is a ability of a database to change the schema
definition at logical level without application
program to be rewritten.

“ Logical data independence is more difficult to

achieve then physical data independence
because application program heavily depends
on logical structure of a database.”