Presented by:

Sourav Dutta
(16900513050)
&
Subham Mukherjee
(16900513055)

Mentor:
Prof. Abhijit Patra
Introduction
Sensors in Automobiles
Classification of Sensors
Application of Automotive sensors
List of Automotive sensors
Ultrasonic Transducers
Hall Sensor
Magnetic Field Sensor
Rain Sensor
Night Vision
Mass Flow Sensor
Tire Pressure Monitoring System
Conclusion
Bibliography
A Sensor is type of Transducer.

Converts any signal to its equivalent

electrical signal

Produces electrical output.

Transducer system has three parts-

Input device
Processing device
Output device

Sensitivity
of Transducer=(Change in
Output/Change in Input)
Motor vehicle sensors must meet the
following requirements:

High degree of reliability.

Favourable manufacturing costs.

High degree of accuracy.

Compact design.

fully
functional even under extreme
operating conditions.
The sensors can be distinguished
according to various aspects:

Task and application.

Type of characteristic.

Type of output signal.

Park Distance Control.
Digital Compass.
Night Vision.
Coolant Temperature Sensor.
Wheel speed measurement.
Tire pressure measurement.
Automatic mode of Windscreen
wipers.
Measurement of the mass flow rate
of air entering a Fuel-Injected Internal
Combustion Engine
Ultrasonic Transducers

Hall sensor

Magnetic Field Sensors

Rain sensor

Mass flow meter

Tire pressure monitoring sensor

 First introduced for Park Distance Control.

 Based on Echo – Sounding principle

 Ultrasonic sonic sounds are above human

hearing range.

 Frequency range is from 20 KHZ to 1000

MHZ.

 Three modes are available:-

 Send mode
 Receive mode
 Activation
Output voltage varies in response to the
Magnetic Field.

Hall effect sensors are used

for proximity switching, positioning, speed
detection, and current sensing applications.

ADVANTAGES:-
A Hall effect sensor may operate as an
electronic switch.

Such a switch costs less than a mechanical

switch and is much more reliable
Used as Digital Compass.

A magnetic field sensor, identifies the

direction in which the compass is pointing.

It has three parts:-

Two solenoid coils
A plug-in connection to the rear
view mirror board
Electronic components

Cosmic factors, such as sun storms or

meteorite showers effects the compass
pointing.
Activated by rainfall

Based on the principle of Total Internal

Reflection

Available in both Wireless and Hard-

wired versions

Application:-
1. Shut down irrigation system at
time of rainfall
2. Protect the interior from rain
3. Trigger a rain blower on the
aperture of the antenna feed in
Satelite communication
antennas
Black-and-white image of the driving
environment in the control display

Varying degrees of brightness depending

on the temperature of these objects.

Improves vision in conditions of dusk and

darkness

Highlightingof heat-emitting objects such

as pedestrians, cyclists, vehicles and deer

Enlarged depiction thanks to the zoom

function of objects in the far distance at high
speeds
Measure Mass flow rate of air entering
a fuel-injected internal combustion engine

The air mass information is necessary for

the engine control unit (ECU)

Mass flow sensors are more appropriate

than Volumetric flow sensors

Two types:-
Vane meter
Hot wire sensor
Control air pressure inside the tires

The target is avoiding traffic accidents,

poor fuel economy

Two types:-
Smart sensors have transduction ,signal amplification, filtering
and others processing on a single substrate

Greater flexibility and lower production cost associated with

advanced integrated electronic technology allows computer
processing

Sensor system now appears simpler even with its increased

funtionallity and internal complexity

Infuture most car technologies are dependent upon smart

sensors

Sensors will give a huge effect in future technologies

Books- A.K.Shawney
THANK YOU