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Hematinics
Hematinics
1.Iron
2.Vit-B12
3. Folic acid
Aneamia
Not a single disease
Results from a number of different pathologies
Defined as a reduction from the normal quantity of Hb in
blood
WHO defines anemia as Hb levels less than 13 g/dl for
males and less than 12 g/dl for females
Low Hb levels results in decreased oxygen carrying
capacity of blood
Causes:
Blood loss
Impaired RBC functions due to deficiency
Iron As Haematinic Agent
Hematopoiesis
The production of circulating erythrocytes, leukocytes and
platelets from undifferentiated stem cells, is called
hematopoiesis.
It requires:
Iron –for Hb formation
Iron storage
Iron is the integral component of haemoglobin In our
body:
Daily requirements :
Adult: 50 mcg / day
Pregnant women : 100-200 mcg / day
Lactating women : 100-200 mcg / day
Pharmacokinetics :
Route : oral , parenteral
High-risk patients:
pregnant women
patients with alcohol dependence,
hemolytic anemia
liver disease
certain skin diseases
patients on renal dialysis
Indications of folic acid:
1) Treat magaloblastic anemia due to folate deficiency
2) Pregnant women
3) Premature infants
4) Patients with hemolytic anemia
5) Liver disease
6) Chronic skin disease
7) Renal dialysis
8) With anti convulsant drugs
Folic acid in large amounts may counteract the
antiepileptic effect of phenobarbital, phenytoin, and
primidone, and increase the frequency of seizures in
susceptible children
Preparations and doses of folic acid :
a) Megaloblastic anemia
b) Neurologic syndrome associated with cobalamin
deficiency
c) Pernicious anemia
Vitamin B12 for parenteral injection is available as
cyanocobalamin or hydroxocobalamin
Administered im
Initial therapy should consist of 100–1000 mcg of
vitamin B12
Maintenance therapy consists of 100–1000 mcg
intramuscularly once a month for life
neurologic abnormalities are present, maintenance
therapy injections should be given every 1–2 weeks for
6 months before switching to monthly injections
oral doses of 1000 mcg of vitamin B12 daily are usually
sufficient to treat patients with pernicious anemia
Dose:
In india both oral and injectables vit B12 is available
mostly or combination preparation along with other
vitamines, with or without iron.
Uses of vitamin B12
1.Treatment and prophylaxis of vitamin B12 deficiency
(megaloblastic anemia)