Design of Bus-bars

Bus bars in an EHV Sub-Station

 Incoming & outgoing circuits in a substation
are connected by bus-bars.
 They are Cu or Al rods or thin walled tubes

and operate at a constant voltage.

 The Bus-bars are designed to carry very large

current continuously.
 Generally flat strips or hollow tubes as these

shapes allow heat to dissipate more

efficiently due to their high surface-
area to cross-sectional area ratio.
Things to be kept in mind while
designing of bus bar.
 Maintenance should be easy without interruption
of supply and danger to the operating personnel.
 An alternate arrangement should be available on
the event of an outage of any of the apparatus.
 The lay out should not hinder future expansion
 The installation should be as economical as
possible keeping in view the requirements and
continuity of the supply.
 Also the system voltage, position of sub-station,
reliability of supply and cost play an important
role.
The substation bus bars can be
classified into the following 3
categories:-
 Outdoor rigid tubular bus-bar
 Outdoor flexible ACSR or Al alloy bus-bar.
 Indoor bus-bar.

 Some of the common arrangement of bus-

bars are shown in the next slide.
 In our 220/132 KV sub-station, we have
chosen
“Two Main and One Transfer-Bus System”.

 This is a modification of the double bus bar

schemes with an additional transfer bus.
 The general norm of following a one main

and one transfer bus has a problem of load

transfer as due to the provision of a single
bus-coupler bay, the total load that may be
transferred gets very restricted.
 So, if we supplement this system with another
main bus, the utilization stays normal even
during a shut down of the main bus.
 This scheme allows faster restoration of

system in case of emergency by means of

minimum protection and also allows
maintenance of Feeder bay CBs.
 In all cases of HV & EHV systems it is required

to have both buses tied together electrically.

 This is particularly used in major Power Plant

Switchyards.
Simplicity Is The Key Note Of a
Dependable System.