Presented by

Salsabeel Khurshied
M.Tech (thermal engineering)
A50177618003
 Introduction
 History
 Applications
 Methodology
 Project
• Fluid is present everywhere and we need fluid
dynamics to describe or model these fluid flows
• In brief any fluid flow can be solved by three basic
physical law, or by three equations
 Continuity equation- mass is conserved.
 Momentum equation- Navier-Stokes equation(
Netwon’s Second law)
 Energy equation-Energy is conserved.
• CFD(Computation fluid dynamics)is a set of
numerical methods applied to obtain
approximate solutions of problems of fluid
dynamics and heat
• So, CFD is not a science by itself ,it is a way
to apply the methods of one disciple
(numerical analysis) to another(fluid/mass
transfer and heat
• Analytical/Theoretical approach-using laws/theories and
associated equations, such as Newton’s law of viscosity to
solve a fluid flow problem, these solutions are exact.
• Experimental approach-do experiments and try to understand
the phenomena and relation between various variables, such as
wind tunnel experiments which helps to design and optimize
external shape of airplanes,ships,etc
• Numerical approach-solve a fluid flow problem using
numerical techniques. These solutions are approximate, not
exact.
• CFD solutions are not exact, then why not use
Analytical approach??
• Experimental approach is more reliable , such as
wind tunnel experiments, why not use experimental
approach instead of CFD??
• CFD is used because there are many engineering
problems that can’t be solved by analytical or
Experimental approach, or it is difficult to use
analytical or experimental approach.
CFD is a very powerful technique and spans a wide range of industrial and
non-industrial applications. Some examples are-
• Aerodynamics of aircrafts and vehicles-Drag and LIFT.

• Power plant: Combustion in internal combustion engines and Gas turbines

• Hydrodynamics of ships.

• Biomedical engineering: Blood flow through arteries and veins.

• Environmental engineering: distribution of pollutants.

• HVAC

• Turbo machinery:Turbines,pumps,compressors etc

In short ,CFD is applied in almost every disciplines of Engineering.

Aerospace industries has integrated CFD techniques in design,R&D,and
manufacturing of aircraft and Jet engines
To solve Engineering problems using ANSYS FLUENT the
necessary steps are-
• Pre-analysis

• Geometry.

• Mesh.

• Physical Setup.

• Numerical Solution.

• Verification and Validation.

To solve Engineering problems using ANSYS
FLUENT the necessary steps are-
• Pre-analysis
• Geometry.
• Mesh.
• Physical Setup.
• Numerical Solution.
• Verification and Validation.
• ANSYS FLUENT
>>>Fluid Flow(FLUENT)

It shows all the steps we

have to complete for a
successful simulation. We
can skip Geometry
&Meshing. We can start
from setup tab which is a
physical setup
• Now we can click the setup icon, FLUENT starting options will appear like
• Here we have to specify the solver about our geometry(2D/3D),and
accuracy (double precision) if we want better accuracy.
• The system that is modelled is a bank of tubes containing
a flowing fluid at one temperature that is immersed in a
second fluid in cross flow at different temperature .Both
fluids are water, and the flow is classified as laminar and
steady with a Reynolds number of approximately
100.The mass flow rate is known and the model is used to
predict the flow and temperature fields that result from
convective heat transfer.
• Due to symmetry of tube bank and periodicity of the flow
in tube bank geometry ,only a portion of the geometry is
modelled in ANSYS FLUENT, with symmetry applied to
the outer boundaries.
Pseudo transient option enables the pseudo transient
algorithm .It effectively adds an unsteady term to the
solution equations in order to improve stability and
convergence behavior.
Pseudo Transient Explicit Relaxation Factors needs to be
reduced in order to prevent oscillation of residual values
or stabilization of residual values over the convergence
criteria
The contours are periodic at the
inlet and outflow boundaries
and not linear.
The magnified view of
velocity vector plot shows
the recirculationg flow
behind the tube and the
boundary layer
development along the tube
surface.
Plotting of
temperature profiles
on iso-surfaces.
 Setting up a case with multiple species
 Defining the absorption coefficient for flue gases
 Defining the gravity and operating conditions for
buoyancy driven flow
 Judging the solution convergence using monitors
 Post processing a case containing multiple species