TOEFL Preparation

Meeting 8
SKILL 10:

adjective clause connectors/subjects

 In skill 9, ACC can be used to introduce clauses that describe
nouns.
• In skill 10, ACC is not just a connector, ACC can also be
SUBJECT of the clause at the same time

We are looking at a house that is quite expensive

Adjective clause

The house that is quite expensive seems like a great house

Adjective clause
Example

……….just dropped off a package for you is my sister

(A) The woman

(B) The woman who
(C) Because the woman
(D) With the woman
 Charts Lists

Adjective Clause Connectors/Subjects

who which that
(for people) (for things) (for people or thing)

S V Adjective clause connector/subject V

I bought the dress was on sale
that

S Adjective clause connector/subject V V

The dress Was on sale was beautiful
that
 Exercise 10

__C__ 1. The children that were vaccinated did not get sick

__I __ 2. I did not vote for the politician who he just won the election

______ 3. The dog that barking belongs to my neighbor

______ 4. I took two of blue pills, which were very effective

______ 5. We rented an apartment from the landlord who does he own the
buildings on Maple Street
______ 6. She forgot to attend the meeting which it began at 11:30
______ 7. Any student who does not turn in the paper by Friday
will fail the class

______ 8. The people which came in late had to sit at the back
______ 9. The courses that satisfy the graduation requirements
they are difficult
______ 10. After dinner she went to visit her parents, who were living
down the street
 TOEFL Exercise (Skill 9-10)

1. Modern humans, who first appeared about 600,000

years ago, _____ Homo sapiens.
(A) calling 4. Benjamin Kabelsky, whom ____
(B) were called as Jack Benny, was a famous comedian
(C) they called in vaudeville and on radio and television.
(D) they were called (A) most people’s knowledge
(B) most people know
2. The first writing _____ evidence of is (C) knowing most people
on Mesopotamian clay tablets. (D) the knowledge of most people
(A) we
(B) that we 5. _____ that hunted other animals tended
(C) has to have very narrow, sharp, curved claws.
(D) that we have (A) For dinosaurs
(B) Dinosaurs are known
3. _____ drought-resistant plants which store water in (C) Dinosaurs
fleshy tissue. (D) Like dinosaurs
(A) Succulents are
(B) Succulents
(C) They are succulents
(D) Succulents which are
6. The first eyeglasses had convex lenses for the aged who
____ farsighted.
(A) had become
9. Willa Cather is an author _____
(B) they had become
for her evocative and memorable
(C) becoming
vision of frontier prairie life.
(D) it became
(A) whom readers
(B) the praise of readers
7. Chimney Rock, ____ 500 feet above the North Platte
(C) whom praisings
River, has eroded considerably in the last two centuries,
(D) whom readers praise
(A) stands
(B) is standing
10. Mars’s tiny moon Phobos is a small
(C) it stands
mountain of rock that _____
(D) which stands
from the asteroid belt by
Mars’s gravitational pull.
8. _____ that accompany recurring bouts of
(A) was probably captured
severe depression reduce bone density.
(B) it probably
(A) It changes hormones
(C) the probable capture
(B) Hormonal changes
(D) probably the capture
(C) The hormones change
(D) The change in hormones is
 TOEFL REVIEW Exercise (Skill 1-10)
4. Fort Union was the site of what ____
principal fur-trading post on
the upper Missouri River.
1. _____ is famous as the home of the U.S. Naval Academy. (A) the
(A) Annapolis (B) being the
(B) Because of Annapolis (C) was the
(C) Why Annapolis (D) it was the
(D) Because Annapolis
5. Since _____ commercial risk,
2. Some scientists think _____ be a planet but a moon of it has to appeal to a large audience
Neptune. to justify its cost.
(A) that Pluto does not seem. (A) the face of the movie
(B) not Pluto (B) moving faces
(C) Pluto that might not (C) a movie faces
(D) that Pluto might not (D) to face a movie

3. With _____ of sophisticated oil lamps, elaborate tools 6. A current of water known as the Gulf
were made to cut the wicks. Stream comes up from the Gulf of
(A) appeared Mexico, and then ____
(B) the appearance the North Atlantic toward Europe.
(C) the appearance was (A) it crosses
(D) it appeared (B) crossing
(C) with its crosses
(D) crosses it
7. Systems ____ the two symbols 0 and 1 are called binary
number systems.
(A) use
(B) they use
(C) uses 9. The Earth’s atmosphere consists of gases
(D) using _____ in place around the Earth
by the gravitational pull of the planet.
8. Genes, _____ the blueprints for cell construction, (A) held
exist in tightly organized packages called (B) hold
chromosomes. (C) it holds
(A) are (D) the hold
(B) they are
(C) which 10. Oscar Hammerstein II collaborated with
(D) which are a number of composers including
Jerome Kern, whom _____
in writing the musical Show Boat.
(A) joined
(B) was joined
(C) he joined
(D) joining
Skill 11:

AGREEMENT AFTER PREPOSITION PHRASES

1. If the subject of a sentence is singular, then the verb
must be singular.

Example:
The dog barks at night
s v

2. If the subject of a sentence is plural, then the verb

must be plural.

Example:
The dogs bark at night
s v
3. Prepositional sometimes cause confusion in TOEFL
TEST. WHY?
Its position is between SUBJECT and VERB.
Example 1:

Incorrect
The door (to the rooms) are locked
S V
Preposition
Correct:
The door (to the rooms) is locked
S V
Example 2:

Incorrect
The doors (to the room) is locked
S V
Preposition

Correct:
The doors (to the room) are locked
S V
SUBJECT/VERB AGREEMENT WITH PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES

S (prepositional phrase) V
 EXERCISE 11

__C__ 1. The subject (of the lectures) was quite interesting.

__I__ 2. The supplies (for the camping trip) needs to be packed.

____ 3. The chairs under the table in the dining room is quite comfortable.

____ 4. The players on the winning team in the competition were very talented.

____ 5. The food for the guests at the party are on the long tables.

____ 6. The cost of the clothes was higher than I had expected.

____ 7. The rugs in the front rooms of the house are going to be washed today.

____ 8. The waiters in this restaurant always serves their job efficiently.

____ 9. The lights in the corner of the room need to be kept on all night.

____10. The meeting of the members of the council begins at 3:00 in the afternoon.
Skill 12:

AGREEMENT AFTER EXPRESSION OF QUANTITY

Look at the following sentences

1. All (of the meal) was delicious.

2. Most (of the meals) were delicious.
3. Some (of the food) was delicious. Correct
4. Half (of the meals) were delicious.
5. Part (of the food) was delicious.

6. Most of nurses are handling the patients (Correct)

7. Most of nurse are handling the patients (Incorrect)
8. Most of nurses is handling the patients (Incorrect)
Look at the following sentences

All
Most
Some (of the SINGULAR OBJECT ) V
Half
SINGULAR VERB
Part

Example:
• Some of student is attending chemistry class
• Half of problem has got the solution.
Look at the following sentences

All
Most
Some (of the PLURAL OBJECT ) V
Half
PLURAL VERB
Part

Example:

• Some of students are attending chemistry class

• Half of problems have got the solution.
EXERCISE 12

C 1. Half of the students in the class arrive early.

I 2. Some of the fruit are rotten.

3. All of the next chapter contains very important information.

4. Most of the people in the room is paying attention.

5. Part of the soup is left on the stove.

6. Some of the movie were just too violent for me.

7. All of the details in the report needs to be checked.

8. Most of the money is needed to pay the bills.

9. The first half of the class consists of lecture and note taking.

10. Some of the questions on-the test was impossible to answer