Research Title

-provides a summary of the main idea

 Research Title
should have the following characteristics:
• 1. summarize the main idea of the paper;
• 2. concise statement of the main topic;
• 3. include the major variables of the research study;
• 4. self-explanatory;
• 5. describe or imply the participants of the study.
 Avoid using words like:
“methods,” “results,” and “investigations”
should not appear in the title.

In many cases, the general problem of the

research or even the specific question that the
researcher intends to answer, when rewritten in
a statement form, can serve as the title.
 Research Problem
• 1. states the area of concern of the research
paper;
• 2. sets the direction of the research study as
it provides the foundation for the research
hypothesis and defines what kind of research
study is suitable to address the problem.
Research Problem should only state the
problem and not preface or suggest a
solution for it.
Sources of Research Problems
• 1. it conveys a feeling of discomfort or difficulty
• 2. it has a perceived difficulty in road subjects such
as family affairs, home management, and
leadership system.
• 3. It displays a gap between theory and practice:
what is said by the elders and what the student see
and observe.
• 4. it utilizes a procedure requiring technologically
advanced equipment.
• 5. It involves the experience of any kind of individual.
• 6. it shows some kind of pattern or trend.
• 7. it makes use of literature reviews, continuous
readings, continuous readings, and past studies. These
readings can lead a student to a topic, and its scope
and cues for further studies. The repetition of a prior
research study in a different setting and time is called
replication.
• 8. It relates to an individual’s curiosity and interest.
• 4. it utilizes a procedure requiring technologically
advanced equipment.
• 5. It involves the experience of any kind of individual.
• 6. it shows some kind of pattern or trend.
• 7. it makes use of literature reviews, continuous
readings, continuous readings, and past studies. These
readings can lead a student to a topic, and its scope
and cues for further studies. The repetition of a prior
research study in a different setting and time is called
replication.
• 8. It relates to an individual’s curiosity and interest.
 Considerations in Formulating
the Research Problem:
• 1. External Criteria
• a.Novelty- refers to the practical value of the
problem due to its “newness” in the field of inquiry.
• b. Availability of subjects- refers to the people with
the desired capability and willingness to participate in
the study. The sample of the study participants must
be representative enough to ensure reliability and
validity of the results.
• c. Support of the academic community- refers
to the assistance given by the members of the
institution, like the principal, teachers, staff,
students, and the parents, in the gathering of
data and defraying the cost of the study.
Permission of those concerned for the
participation in the study of staff members,
children, the aged, and the mentally challenged
should be secured.
• d. Availability and adequacy of facilities and
equipment- devices such as computers, and
telephones used in undertaking the study must
be considered.
• e.Ethical considerations- these include the
avoidance of research problems that pose
unethical demands on the part of the research
participants.
 Considerations in Formulating
the Research Problem:
• 2. Internal Criteria

• a. Experience, training, and qualifications

of the researcher- these constitute the
researcher’s knowledge and expertise as a
result of experience and study.
• b. Motivation, interest, intellectual curiosity,
and perceptiveness of the researcher- these
are essential attitudes that bring anticipated
satisfaction or enjoyment in the completion
research tasks.
• c. Time factor- this considers the fact that
studies must be pursued within a given time
frame.
• d. Cost and returns- research is an expensive
undertaking. Amount of funding needed,
depends on the size of the sample, the place
where the research is to be conducted, the
treatment of the data, and the kind of
research design.
• e. hazards, penalties, and handicaps- these
depend upon the researcher’s physical and
intellectual capacity and moral judgement.
 Categorize the following criteria as either
external or internal.

• 1. availability and adequacy of facilities and

equipment
• 2. cost and returns
• 3. ethical considerations
• 4. time factor
• 5. novelty
 Categorize the following criteria as either
external or internal.
• 6. motivation, interest, intellectual curiosity, and
perceptiveness of the researcher
• 7. hazards, penalties, and handicaps
• 8. experience, training, and qualifications of the
researcher
• 9. support of the academic community
• 10. availability of subject