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    Fusional - Languages Presentation

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    Римма Сабирова
    Fusional languages are a subcategory of synthetic languages that tend to use single inflectional morphemes to denote multiple grammatical features. This makes morpheme boundaries difficult to identify and single morphemes can express different functions. Good examples are languages like Sanskrit, Greek, Latin, French and Slavic languages. Over time, fusional languages may lose inflections and become more analytic, but can also start combining morphemes to become more agglutinative.

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    Fusional - Languages Presentation

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    Римма Сабирова
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    Fusional languages are a subcategory of synthetic languages that tend to use single inflectional morphemes to denote multiple grammatical features. This makes morpheme boundaries difficult to identify and single morphemes can express different functions. Good examples are languages like Sanskrit, Greek, Latin, French and Slavic languages. Over time, fusional languages may lose inflections and become more analytic, but can also start combining morphemes to become more agglutinative.

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    Fusional languages are a subcategory of synthetic languages that tend to use single inflectional morphemes to denote multiple grammatical features. This makes morpheme boundaries difficult to identify and single morphemes can express different functions. Good examples are languages like Sanskrit, Greek, Latin, French and Slavic languages. Over time, fusional languages may lose inflections and become more analytic, but can also start combining morphemes to become more agglutinative.

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    Fusional - Languages Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Римма Сабирова
    Fusional languages are a subcategory of synthetic languages that tend to use single inflectional morphemes to denote multiple grammatical features. This makes morpheme boundaries difficult to identify and single morphemes can express different functions. Good examples are languages like Sanskrit, Greek, Latin, French and Slavic languages. Over time, fusional languages may lose inflections and become more analytic, but can also start combining morphemes to become more agglutinative.

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    of 11

    Fusional languages

    RAKHMATULLINA A.
    SABIROVA R.
    Fusional & agglutinative languages

     Fusional languages along with agglutinative languages


    are subcategories of the synthetic languages. So what
    is the difference? Well, fusional languages differ from
    agglutinative languages because fusional languages
    have tendency to use a single inflectional
    morpheme to denote multiple grammatical, syntactic,
    or semantic features.
    Fusion index

     One extreme: agglutinatinative languages


     Morpheme boundaries are easy to identify.
     Every morpheme has a unique, clearly identifiable function.
     Other extreme: fusional languages
     No clear morpheme boundaries.
     Single grammatical morpheme frequently expresses different
    grammatical functions.
    Properties of fusional languages

     Morpheme boundaries are difficult to identify.


     Every suffix has several grammatical functions.

    !There can't be purely fusional languages.


    Good examples of fusional languages are:

     Sanskrit, Pashto, New Indo-


    Aryan languages such as Punjabi,
    Hindustani, Bengali; Greek (classical and
    modern), Latin, Italian, French, Spanish,
    Portuguese, Irish, German, Faroese,
    Icelandic, Albanian, all Baltic and
    Slavic languages.
    French word “eat”
    Latin word “canis” VS English “dog”
    Cycle of change
     In fact, languages tend to cycle through
    different morphological types over time.
    Fusional/inflectional languages (like Latin)
    loose their inflection over time and
    become isolating/analytic (as is
    happening in English, or has happened in
    Chinese), but then eventually they start
    stacking up morphemes and become
    agglutinative (like Turkish, Finnish or
    Swahili).
    References

     See pp. 50-51 in Zuckermann, Ghil'ad (2009), "Hybridity versus Revivability: Multiple
    Causation, Forms and Patterns", Journal of Language Contact, Varia 2, pp. 40-67.
     Sloane, Thomas O. (2001). Encyclopedia of Rhetoric. Oxford UniversityPress.
    p. 442. ISBN 978-0-195-12595-5.
     Mithun, Marianne (2001). The Languages of Native North America. Cambridge
    University Press. p. 323. ISBN 978-0-521-29875-9.
     Deutscher, Guy (2006). The unfolding of language: an evolutionary tour of mankind's
    greatest invention (reprint ed.). New York: Holt Paperbacks. ISBN 978-0-8050-8012-4.

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