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Volcanic Eruption
Volcanic Eruption
Volcanic Eruptions
• Magma forms in the asthenosphere
– Convection currents in the mantle bring
magma towards the surface
• Magma tries to flow into any open crack
• When magma reaches a weak spot in the
crust, a volcano forms
• Lava is magma that has reached the surfa
ce
Magma Reaches Earth’s Surface
• Volcanoes are systems of passage ways t
hrough which magma moves.
• Inside a Volcano
– Magma collects below the volcano in the
magma chamber
– Magma flows upward through a tube (pi
pe) that connects the magma chamber t
o the surface.
Magma Reaches Earth’s Surface
• Inside a Volcano
– Gas and magma leave through vents
• Central vent is the opening at the top
• Side vent anywhere along the side of the volcano
– Lava pours out of the vents and creates a lav
a flow
– A bowl shaped area called crater may form ar
ound the central vent
Magma Reaches Earth’s Surface
• A Volcanic Eruption
– Dissolved gases are trapped
in magma under extreme
pressure (CO2 in a soda bottle)
– as magma flows , pressure because there
is less rock on top of it.
– the dissolved gases expand and form bubbles
– When a volcano erupts, the force of the expandi
ng gas forces magma up the pipe until it explode
s out the vent
Content checkpoint… think/pair share…take tw
o minutes to answer these questions with a partner nearby…..
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two minutes to answer these questions with a partner nearby