UNDER IMPERIAL SPAIN

CHAPTER 5
 Causes of European expansion in
Asia
 the need for spices  Gold, God and Glory
 Still EAST meets WEST
 The inclusion of Asian trade to that of Europe to the flow
of economic products and the wealth of Asia to
European societies resulted to the dynamic interaction
between cultures.
 Trade also brought to nation states particularly the major
powers of the time, Spain and Portugal, that intensified
European rivalries for the favor of oriental products
The Lusitanian-Hispanic
rivalry in maritime
discoveries
Spain vs. Portugal
 Spain VS. Portugal
 Portugal was the first country to
use innovation in the exploration
and had discovered Azores islands
in the Atlantic and which led to
the discovery of the Americas and
the west coast of Africa
 Spain however led the first truly
momentous exploration the
westward route to India and the
explorations of Christopher
Columbus of the southern
Americas
 Pope Alexander VI mediated
between the rivalry of the two
powers
 The treaty of Tordesillas was
signed between the two powers
which divided the world for two,
Spain to the West and Portugal to
the East
 THE Magellan Expedition
 Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese working for the Spanish
royalty
 Suggested of reaching the island of Maluku (spice Island) by sailing
westward but rejected by his King
 In 1518 he convinced Charles V that he could reach Maluku in a
shorter way through westward and bring back cargo of spices
 Sailed with 5 ships with a crew of 235 men across the pacific ocean
 After 98 days of sailing they have discovered Philippines in march 17
1521
 Killed in the island of Mactan
 Only one ship returned the Victoria
Maluku and the
Philippines
 Legazpi Expedition
 Three Spanish expeditions followed Magellan’s
Expedition the Saavedra (1527-29) the Villalobos (1541-
46) and the Legazpi (1564)
 Sailed with four vessels with 350 men
 By February 1565 Legazpi reached Cebu and had a blood
compact with the leaders of the island
 Santo Nino of Cebu the first Spanish town in the
Philippines and an permanent settlement in the
archipelago
 Political Institutions

 The Philippines during the Spanish era was in the

political institution established by a colonial power
 The Philippines was under the captaincy general of the
Spanish king
 Colonial Philippines was divided into levels of
administration from central to national, provincial, city,
municipal and barrio levels
 The spokesperson of the king is the Governor General
who handled the army, navy and the supreme court