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Secretory Functions of GIT
Secretory Functions of GIT
Physiology Physiolo
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lecture you should be able to:
1- Describe the structure of Gastrointestinal tract.
2. Elaborate various functions of GIT.
3. Enlist anatomical Types of GIT glands.
3. Explain general principles of GIT Secretions.
Gastrointestinal physiology:
Dr. Alzoghaibi 4
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Gastrointestinal system:
1-The GIT— a series of hollow organs:
Mouth
Esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine— rectum and anus.
2- Solid accessory organs:
Liver
Pancreas
Gallbladder
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1.Ingestion - getting food into the GI tract (eating)
2.Propulsion - moving food along the tract by swallowing and peristalsis (wave-like
motion)
Primary Functions of Digestive System
3.Mechanical Digestion - the physical grinding and churning of foodstuffs to
breakdown and expose to enzymes and the surface of the GI tract
4.Chemical Digestion - breakdown of larger molecules into absorbable parts by
enzymatic action
5.Absorption - transport of digested molecules, vitamins, minerals, water, into blood
6. Excretion - elimination of unused foodstuff, heavy metals, toxins,
alkaloids.(feces).
7. Helps Erythropoises by secreting intrinsic factor needed for Vitamin B12
absorption
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Dr. Alzoghaibi 9
Typical cross section of the Gut
The Musculature of the Digestive
Tract
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The Musculature of the Digestive Tract
Longitudinal Muscle:
Contraction shortens the segment of the intestine and expands the
lumen
Innervated by ENS, mainly by excitatory motor neuron
Ca influx from out side is important.
Circular muscle:
Thicker and more powerful than longitudinal.
Contraction reduces the diameter of the lumen and increases its length .
Innervated by ENS, both excitatory and inhibitory motor neurons.
More gap junctions than in longitudinal muscle.
Intracellular release of Ca is more important
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SMOOTH MUSCLE OF G.I.T
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SMOOTH MUSCLE OF G.I.T