CRIMINAL JUSTICE

SYSTEM
PREPARED BY: ALMIRA C. ANGKAL, RCRIM
CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM (CJS)
- refers to the sum total of instrumentation which a
society uses in the prevention and control of crime and
delinquency
- the machinery of the state or government which enforces
the rules of conduct necessary to protect life and
property and to maintain peace and order.
 FUNCTIONS OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE
SYSTEM

1. Prevent and control the commission of crime;

2. Enforce the law
3. Safeguard lives, individual rights, and properties;
4. Investigate, apprehend, prosecute and sentence
those who violate the rules of society; and
5. Rehabilitate the convicts and reintegrate them
into the community as law abiding citizens.
 MAJOR COMPONENTS OF THE CRIMINAL
JUSTICE SYSTEM

 Law Enforcement
 Prosecution
 Court
 Corrections
 Community
LAW ENFORCEMENT
LAW ENFORCEMENT

The first pillar consists mainly of the Philippine National

Police (PNP). The work of the PNP is the prevention and
control of crimes, enforcement of laws, and effecting the
arrest of offenders, including the conduct of lawful searches
and seizures to gather necessary evidences so that a
complaint may be filed with the Prosecutor’s Office.
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
-one of the many law enforcement agencies but
the only police organization in the country
- activated on January 29, 1991
- police force of the Republic of the Philippines
 THE POLICE IN ACTION

PATROL
Patrol is a proactive measure in policing. The
presence of uniformed police officers in an area
deters an individual who plans to commit any
violation of law. It is often called as the backbone of
police operations.
 The police cannot satisfy the community in its
services without patrol, as it is the eyes and ears
wherein police plans and actions are based. It is the
bridge in establishing a better relation of the police an
the community towards one common goal – busting
crime and keeping peace and order.
 MAJOR POLICE FUNCTIONS

1.Crime Prevention
2. Crime investigation
3. Traffic Supervision
Crime Prevention
is a method of anticipation, recognition and appraisal
of a crime risk, and initiation of action to preclude or
impede its occurrence. It is deemed as a primary goal
of policing and the first line of defense for the
community because it includes in its broadest
application, the elimination of the desire and
opportunity to commit a crime.
 LEVEL OF ACTION IN CRIME
PREVENTION
1. Primary Level of Prevention. This is “based on one of
the principal division of criminology known as criminal
etiology – an attempt on scientific analysis of the causes of
crime.” It is more concerned with stressing on passive
measures such as the social awareness program, which
is an alternative in the elimination of the root cause of
crime in the community, whether in the neighborhood,
workplace, or even school.
2. Secondary Level of Prevention. This based on well-
established law enforcement practices to include
problem- oriented policing and hot spot analysis. It is
focused on specific problems espoused with the goals
of diminishing opportunities that increase tendencies
for the commission of crime.
3. Tertiary Level of Prevention. It is based on
procedures that usually serve as deterrence, if not
as a means of minimizing loss, damage, or hazard,
which have reactive characteristics.
CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION
CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION
- an art that deals with the identity and location of
offenders and provide evidence of his guilt in a criminal
proceeding

-collection of facts in order to accomplish the three fold

aims
 To identify the guilty party
 To locate the guilty party
 PHASES OF INVESTIGATION
1. Preliminary or Initial Investigation – This commenced
immediately with the systematic or inquiry
concerning an alleged crime by the first responding
officer.
2. Progress or Follow- Up Investigation – Undertaken
whenever a conclusion is not achieved after the
conduct of preliminary investigation
Traffic Supervision
- Traffic regulation needs a definite rules that should
be followed by both the police and motorists, and even
pedestrians. A good traffic enforcer prevents accidents
from happening and traffic congestions from forming.
CRIMINAL APPREHENSION
-ARREST is the taking of a person into custody in order
that he may be bound to answer for the commission of
an offense
 TWO KINDS OF ARREST

1) ARREST BY VIRTUE OF A WARRANT OF ARREST

2) WARRANTLESS ARREST
WARRANT OF ARREST
an order in writing issued in the name of the People
of the Philippines, signed by a judge and directed to
a peace officer, commanding him to take a person
into custody in order that he may be bound to
answer for the commission of an offense
WARRANTLESS ARREST
subject to strict limitations and there are only three (3)
circumstances when arrest without a warrant of arrest
is legal:
1) when in his presence, the person to be arrested has
committed, is actually committing or is attempting to
commit an offense
2) when an offense has in fact just been committed and
he has probable cause to believe based on personal
knowledge of facts and circumstances indicating that
the person to be arrested has committed it and;
3) when the person to be arrested is a prisoner who
has escaped from a penal establishment or place where
he is serving final judgment or temporarily confined
while his case is pending, or has escaped while being
transferred from one confinement to another (known
fugitive from justice).
Search Warrant – it is an order in writing issued in
the name of the People of the Philippines, signed by a
judge and directed to a peace officer, commanding him
to search for personal property described therein and
bring it before the court.
 For purpose of obtaining the necessary physical
evidence that will establish the guilt of an offender, a
legal and valid search may be conducted. The
properties to be seized must be specified in the warrant
including the place where search should be made.
 A search warrant may be issued for the search and
seizure of the following personal property:
a. Subject of the offense
b. Stolen or embezzled and other proceeds or fruits of
the offense;
c. Used or intended to be used as the means of
committing an offense
 Complaint
a sworn written statement charging a person with
an offense, subscribed by the offended party, any peace
officer or other public officer charged with the
enforcement of the law violated
 INFORMATION
-an accusation in writing charging a person with an
offense, subscribed by the prosecutor and filed with
the court
EVOLUTION OF POLICING IN
THE PHILIPPINES
 CARABINEROS DE SEGURIDAD PUBLICA
-created in 1712
– was armed and considered as the mounted police
- discharged the duties of a port, harbor and river
police.
 GUARDRILLEROS/CUADRILLO
- created in 1836
– a body of rural police organized in each town and
established by Royal Decree of January 8, 1836
- provided that five percent (5%) of the able bodied
male inhabitants of each province were to be enlisted in
this police organization for three years.
 GUARDIA CIVIL
- created in 1852
- created by a Royal Decree issued by the Crown on
February 12, 1852
- consisted of a body of Filipino of policemen organized
originally in each of the provincial capitals of central
province of Luzon under the Alcalde (Mayor)
PROSECUTION
 Prosecution
- the course of action or process whereby
accusations are brought before a court of justice to
determine the innocence or guilt of the accused
 FUNCTIONS OF PROSECUTION
1. Conduct preliminary investigation
2. Make proper recommendation during the inquest
3. Represent the government in the absence of private
counsel/prosecutor under his supervision and control
4. Acts as a law officer, adviser of political instrumentality’s
and their officials
5. Investigate administrative cases
 ROLE OF PROSECUTOR

1. As a dispenser of justice
2. As an overseers of police
3. As a networker/ interactor
4. As a defender of the State
5. As an investigator
3. Mixed System – adopts both accusatorial and
inquisitorial, where the victim or his representatives
provide the facts, evidence and testimony of witness to
prove the guilt of the accused. The judge will investigate
and determine the guilt of the accused beyond
reasonable doubt and its moral certainty.
 KINDS OF PROSECUTION SYSTEM
1. Inquisitorial System – the victim or his
representative has the responsibility for finding and
resenting evidence to the court. The accused is
presumed guilty until proven innocent.
2. Adversarial System – the judge searches the facts,
listens to witness to be taken and investigate to prove
the guilt or innocence of the accused. The accused is
presumed innocent until proven guilty.
 PROSECUTOR
-also called PUBLIC PROSECUTOR and FISCAL
-the officer of the government whose function is
the prosecution of criminal actions partaking the
nature of criminal actions.
 NATIONAL PROSECUTION SERVICE
-the prosecution arm of the government, particularly
in the investigation and prosecution of all criminal
cases, except those under the exclusive jurisdiction
of the Office of the Ombudsman
 -Republic Act No. 10071, otherwise known as the
Prosecution Service Act of 2010 was enacted to
strengthen and rationalize the National Prosecution
Service
-enacted on April 8, 2010
-renamed the head of the National Prosecution
Service from Chief State Prosecutor to Prosecutor
General
 The Secretary of Justice has the power to review,
reverse, revise, modify or affirm on appeal or petition
for reviews final judgments and orders of the
prosecutor general, regional prosecutors, provincial
prosecutors and city prosecutors.
 PUBLIC ATTORNEY’S OFFICE
-reorganized pursuant to RA 9406, otherwise
known as the PAO Law of 2007
-headed by the Chief Public Attorney
OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN
–the prosecutor arm of the government against
erring government officials who committed graft
and corrupt practices
-created by the 1987 Constitution
-has the power to investigate on its own, or on
complaint by any person, any act or omission of any
public official, employee, office or agency, when such
act or omission appears to be illegal, unjust,
improper or inefficient
 PRELIMINARY
INVESTIGATION
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
-an inquiry or proceeding to determine whether
there is sufficient ground to engender a well-founded
belief that a crime has been committed and the
respondent is probably guilty thereof and should be
held for trial
 PERSONS AUTHORIZED TO CONDUCT
PRELIMINARY
1. Provincial or City Prosecutors and their assistants;
2. National and Regional State Prosecutors; and
3. Other officers as may be authorized by law:
a. special prosecutors as authorized by the
Ombudsman
 PURPOSE OF PRELIMINARY
INVESTIGATION
The preliminary investigation is held to:
 Protect the innocent against hasty, oppressive, and
malicious investigation.
 Secure the person from open and public accusation and
the trouble and expense of a public trial.
 Protect the State from a useless and expensive trial, thus
saving time, money, and energy.
 OFFICERS AUTHORIZED TO CONDUCT
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION

1. Judges of the Municipal Trial Court

2. Judges of the Municipal Circuit Trial Court
3. Regional and National State Prosecutors
4. Provincial and City State Prosecutors
5. Other investigator that may authorized by law
b. Comelec's authorized legal officers in connection
with election offenses
c. special prosecutors appointed by the DOJ
INQUEST PROCEEDING
-an inquiry made by the duty prosecutor to
determine the legality of the arrest made especially
those arrests made without a warrant
-each police station or headquarters should have
designated inquest prosecutors to process inquest
procedures
Arraignment
- is the process whereby the accused is summoned
before the court and the complainant against him/her
is read by the clerk of court in his/her presence, along
with his/ her counsel.
BAIL
-as the security given for the release of the person
in the custody of the law, furnished by him or the
bondsman, to guarantee his appearance before any
court as required under the conditions as specified
SUBPOENA
-a process directed to a person requiring him to
attend and to testify at the hearing or the trial of an
action, or at any investigation conducted under the
law, or for the taking of his deposition
AFFIDAVIT
-a statement of facts under oath
COMPLAINANT
-refers to the offended party
RESPONDENT
-refers to the person alleged to have committed the
offense
COURT
Court
-the centerpiece of the criminal justice system
-primary and most important function as a
component of the criminal justice system is to decide
whether the accused is guilty or not guilty of the crime
he is accused of committing
 FUNCTIONS OF COURT

1. Keeping peace
2. Deciding controversies
3. Administrative role
4. Decide the culpability or innocence of the accused.
5. Protector of human rights
JUDICIAL POWER
-the power to apply the laws to contests or disputes
concerning legally recognized rights or duties of and
between the state and the private persons or
between individual litigants in cases properly brought
before the judicial tribunals
POWER OF JUDICIAL REVIEW
-the power of the Supreme Court to determine
whether laws passed by Congress and acts of the
President are in accord with the Constitution when
the matter is raised.
JUDGE
-a public officer who by virtue of his office is clothed
with judicial authority. He is a public officer
lawfully appointed to decide litigated questions
according to law
JURISDICTION
-the power and authority of a court to hear, try and
decide cases
VENUE
-refers to the place where the action must be instituted
and tried
 KINDS OF JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS

1. General – is the authority to decide upon all disputes

filed before it, except those pending before other courts.
2. Limited – is the authority to hear and determine only
a specified case.
3. Original – is the authority to try an decide upon a case
presented to it for the first time
4. Appellate – is the authority to take a case already
heard and decide by a lower court, elevated from the
latter by appeal.
5. Exclusive – is the authority to try and decide upon a
case to the exclusion of all other courts.
6. Concurrent – is the authority of two or more courts
to take cognizance of the case.
7. Criminal – is the authority to hear and decide upon
criminal cases.
8. Civil – is the authority to hear and decide upon civil
cases.
Batas Pambansa Blg 129
-otherwise known as the Judiciary Reorganization
Act of 1980
-defines the organization, composition and
jurisdiction of the courts
 THE COURT ORGANIZATION

1. SUPREME COURT (SC)

-composed of1Chief Justice and 14 Associate Justices
-decisions of the SC are considered as part of the
laws of the land and these are called jurisprudence.
2. COURT OF APPEALS (CA)
-headed by a Presiding Justice and composed of
sixty-eight (68) Associates Justices
-reviews not only the decisions and orders of the
Regional Trial Courts nationwide, but also those of
the Court of Tax Appeals
3. REGIONAL TRIAL COURTS (RTC)
-presided by a Regional Judge
- has general jurisdiction over criminal cases and has
jurisdiction over offenses punishable with
imprisonment of six years and one day and over
4. Inferior Court
 Municipal Trial Court
 Metropolitan Trial Court
 Municipal Circuit Trial Court
 SPECIAL COURTS
1. SANDIGANBAYAN
-created under Presidential Decree No 1606
-its rank or level is equal to that of the Court of
Appeals and Court of Tax Appeals
- composed of a Presiding Justice and fourteen (14)
Associate Justices
 -tasked to handle criminal cases involving graft and
corruption and other offenses committed by high-
ranking public officers and employees in connection
with the performance of their functions and whose
salary grade is 27 and above.
2.COURT OF TAX APPEALS
-created under Republic Act No 1125, as amended
by Republic Act No 9282
-its rank or level is equal to that of the Court of
Appeals and Sandiganbayan
-composed of a Presiding Justice and five (5)
Associate Justices
 -has both the original and appellate jurisdictions
over civil and criminal tax cases involving the
National Internal Revenue Code, Tariff and Customs
Code and the Local Government Assessment Code
3. SHARI’A COURTS
-created pursuant to Presidential Decree 1083,
otherwise known as the Code of Muslim Personal
Laws of the Philippines
-Shari’a District Courts are presided by District
Judges, while Shari’a Circuit Courts are presided by
Circuit Judges
 STAGES IN A CRIMINAL PROCEEDING

1) ARRAIGNMENT
2) PRE-TRIAL
3) TRIAL
4) JUDGMENT
5) APPEAL
FIRST STAGE:ARRAIGNMENT
-the stage where the accused is formally informed of
the charges against him by reading before him the
information or criminal complaint and asking him
whether he pleads guilty or not guilty as charged
 -must be held within thirty (30) days from the date the
court acquires jurisdiction over the person of the
accused
SECOND STAGE: PRE-TRIAL
-a conference called by the judge that requires the
presence of both the prosecution and the accused
before the beginning of a trial
-mandatory in all criminal cases
PLEA BARGAINING
-the process whereby the accused, the offended
party and the prosecution work out a mutually
satisfactory disposition of the case subject to court
approval
 THIRD STAGE:TRIAL
-the examination before a competent tribunal,
according to the laws of the land, of the facts put in
issue in a cause, for the purpose of determining such
issue
-the period for the introduction of evidence by
both parties
BURDEN OF PROOF
-refers to the duty of the prosecution to prove its
accusations against the accused
-the prosecution must prove that the accused is
guilty beyond reasonable doubt
 FIFTH STAGE: APPEAL
-the elevation by an aggrieved party of any
decision, order or award of a lower body to a higher
body
- on appeal, the State is represented by the Solicitor
General (SolGen), an officer of the government
under the Department of Justice
CORRECTIONS
 CORRECTIONS
-that branch of the administration of criminal justice
charged with the responsibility for the custody, supervision
and rehabilitation of convicted offenders
 PENOLOGY
- a branch of criminology which deals with the
treatment, management and administration of inmates
 PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS
1. Deterrence – is the use of punishment as a threat to
deter people from offending. It is the “prevented effect
with actual or threatened punishment of offenders has
upon potential offenders.” The concept of deterrence has
two key assumption: (1) the specific punishments imposed
on offenders will deter or prevent them from committing
further crimes; (2) The second is that fear of punishment
will prevent others from committing similar crimes.
2. Rehabilitation – corrections is designed and
directed towards reinstating of the offenders to
community, and enhancing the community’s acceptance
for him to fit into the society and be a law- abiding and
productive citizen.
3. Reintegration – This is similar to rehabilitative
model, in the sense that it considers the offender’s
need for assistance. Also, this process accepts that the
criminal behavior is due to the gap between the
criminal and the community.
4. Isolation of Prisoners – there is a wide consensus
to insulate criminals from the law abiding citizen so as
not to pollute them
5. Punishment – corrections operates as the society’s
primary formal dispense of punishment.
PUNISHMENT & PENALTY
Punishment – is the “redress that the state takes against
an offending member of society” that usually involves pain
and suffering.
Penalty – is defined as the “suffering inflicted by the state
against an offending member” for the transgression of
law.
 SOCIAL JUSTIFICATION OF PENALTY
1. Prevention – the state must punish the criminal to
prevent or suppress the danger to the state from
criminal acts of the offender.
2. Self-defense – the state has a right to punish the
criminal as a measure of self- defense so as to protect
society from the threat and wrong inflicted by the
criminal
3. Reformation – the objective of punishment in
criminal case is to correct and reform the offender.
4. Exemplarity – the criminal is punished by the state
as an act to deter others from committing crimes.
5. Justice – the state punishes the criminal as an act of
retributive justice and a vindication of the absolute
right and moral law he violated (Reyes, 2012)
 FUNCTIONS OF CORRECTIONS

1. Maintenance of Institutions – such as prisons,

jail, halfway houses and other institutional facilities to a
period of incarceration. A “clean surrounding can be of
great help in the retention of stable physical condition of
every inmate inside an institution.”
2. Protection of Law-abiding members of the
society – incarceration of sentenced offenders prevents
them from preying on other members of the community.
3. Reformation and rehabilitation of offenders –
with the function of assisting and guiding incarcerated
offenders to be rehabilitated until fully recovered and be
prepared for their eventual reintegration to the
mainstream of society after release.
4. Deterrence of crimes – experience in prison, the
fear of isolation and denial of liberty will influence
inmates and potential offenders to lead a law-abiding
life. Hence, they would rather not commit any illegal
act so as not to experience the said horrible situation.
 CORRECTIONAL ADMINISTRATION

The study and practice of a systematic management

of jails or prisons and other institutions concerned
with the custody, treatment and rehabilitation of
criminal offenders.
 TWO FORMS OF CORRECTIONS
1) INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS
-refers to the institutionalized form of rehabilitation,
such as prisons and jails
2) NON-INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS
-refers to the alternative forms of corrections done
outside of the institutions for corrections
GOVERNMENT ENTITY/ AGENCIES THAT
HANDLE INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS
1. The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
(BJMP) under the Department of Interior and
Local Government.
Municipal, District and City Jails are under the
supervision and control of the BJMP. These Jails handle
prisoners whose imprisonment does not exceed three
(3) years.
2. Provincial Jails
This is so because as early as 1910, the 1st Provincial
Jail System was established during the American regime.
In view of the said system, every Province was
mandated by the American colonizers to establish its
own provincial jail under its supervision and control.
3. BUREAU OF CORRECTIONS
-an attached agency to the Department of Justice
-the only primary institution in the corrections pillar
that provides full custody and rehabilitation programs
for the transformation of insular prisoners
 -has seven (7) operating units located nationwide:
1) San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm
2) Iwahig Penal Colony
3) Correctional Institution for Women
4) Davao Penal Colony
5) New Bilibid Prison
6) Sablayan Prison and Penal Farm
7) Leyte Regional Prison
 PRISONERS
-may refer to convicted offenders currently serving
their sentence in a correctional facility or detainees
awaiting the disposition of their cases
 CLASSIFICATIONS OF PRISONERS
 NATIONAL OR INSULAR PRISONER
 PROVINCIAL PRISONER
 CITY PRISONER
 MUNICIPAL PRISONER
NON- INSTITUTIONAL
CORRECTIONS
 GOVERNMENT AGENCIES UNDER NON-
INTUITIONAL CORRECTIONS
1. The Parole and Probation Administration (PPA)
headed by an Administrator
- PPA is mandated by law to handle the investigation of all
cases for probation, parole and executive clemency, and the
supervision of probationers, parolees and conditional
pardonees
2.The Board of Pardons and Parole (BPP)
headed by the Chairman (Secretary of Justice)
- is responsible for the grant of parole and
recommending Executive Clemency to the President
3.The Department of Social Welfare and
Development (DSWD) with the Secretary as its
head
 THREE COMPONENTS OF COMMUNITY-
BASED PROGRAM
1. Restorative Justice - is a philosophy and a process
whereby stakeholders (offender, victim and the community) in
a specific offence resolve collectively how to deal with the
aftermath of the offense and its implications for the future
2. Therapeutic Community (TC) - is a self-help social
learning treatment model, the therapeutic community factors
behavioral and attitudinal change through the help of the
community of the family.
3. Volunteer Probation Aides (VPA) as the lead
community resource
- a person of good moral character and good standing
in the community who has been selected and trained
to do volunteer probation work.
Volunteerism – Is a program of PPA aimed at
generating maximum, effective and efficient citizen
participation and community involvement in the
process of client rehabilitation, prevention of crime and
the overall administration of criminal justice.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF COMMUNITY BASED
CORRECTION

1. Humanitarian aspects- to subject to anyone to

custodial correction are to place him/her in physical
jeopardy, to narrow drastically his/her access to
sources of personal satisfaction and reduced self-
esteem.
2. Restorative aspects- achievement of the goals of
rehabilitation for eventual reintegration in the
community.
3. Managerial aspects- shifting of custodial control
from institution to the individual offender without
however losing the protection of the public.
 NON-INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS

EXECUTIVE CLEMENCY
-the collective term for absolute pardon, conditional
pardon, reprieve and commutation of sentence
 PROBATION
-a disposition under which a defendant, after
conviction and sentence, is released subject to
conditions imposed by the court and to the
supervision of a probation officer
-provided by Presidential Decree No 968, the
Probation Law of 1976
 PARDON
-an act of grace, proceeding from the power
entrusted with the execution of the laws, which
exempts the individual on whom it is bestowed
from the punishment which the law inflicts for a
crime he has committed
 TWO KINDS OF PARDON
1) ABSOLUTE PARDON
-refers to the total extinction of the criminal liability
of the individual to whom it is granted without any
condition whatsoever and restores to the individual
his civil rights and remits the penalty imposed for
the particular offense of which he was convicted
2)CONDITIONAL PARDON
-refers to an exemption of an individual, within
certain limits or conditions, from the punishment that
the law inflicts for the offense he has committed
resulting in the partial extinction of his criminal
liability
 REPRIEVE
-the temporary suspension of the execution of a
sentence, especially of a sentence of death, or is the
postponement of a death sentence
 COMMUTATION OF SENTENCE
-an act of clemency by which a heavier or longer
sentence is reduced to a lighter or shorter term
 AMNESTY
- the general pardon to rebels for their treason
and other high political offenses
- it is granted by the President subject to the
approval of Congress.
 PAROLE
-procedure by which prisoners are selected for
release on the basis of individual response and
progress within the correctional institution and a
service by which they are provided with necessary
control and guidance as they serve the remainder of
their sentence within the community
- provided by Act No 4103, the Indeterminate
Sentence Law
- granted by the Board of Pardons and Parole
under the DOJ, which also reviews
recommendations submitted by the Parole and
Probation Administration
COMMUNITY
 COMPONENTS OF COMMUITY
1. The Home – it is the cradle of personality, for in it
the child forms fundamental attitudes and habit that
endure throughout his life.
2. The School – it is in a strategic position to prevent
crime and delinquency because it exercise authority
over every child who is of school age. It has the
excellent opportunity to influence child’s attitudes and
behavior.
3. The Church – it points out to the faith their
relationship to God and their fellowmen, and who, by
work and example, lead community members to live a
moral life.
4. The Government – it is a duly constituted authority
that enforces the laws of the land, as such, it is the most
powerful institution as far as control of people is
concerned.
5. The Mass Media – it is considered as the best
instrument for information dissemination, and the best
source of knowledge for the public. It is where the
public opinions are formed and gives food for thought
to the people.
6. The Community Agencies – nation is composed
of people who interact with one another and follows
same rules and regulation
7. The Barangay Official – it is a cohesive group of
inhabitants possessing commitment and performing
well- defined and significant role that can be
transformed into effective and harmonious action for
the prevention and of crime and delinquency.
 KATARUNGANG PAMBARANGAY
- establishes a system of amicably settling disputes at
the barangay level
- duly embodied under the pertinent provision of the
Local Government Code, as amended, or Republic
Act No. 7160
 BRIEF HISTORY OF THE KATARUNGANG
PAMBARANGAY
 PD1293– the law “CREATING A
KATARUNGANG PAMBARANGAY
COMMISSION TO STUDY THE FEASIBILITY
OF RESOLVING DISPUTES AT THE
BARANGAY LEVEL
- promulgated on 27 January 1978
 PD 1508 – the law “ESTABLISHING A SYSTEM
OF AMICABLY SETTLING DISPUTES AT THE
BARANGAY LEVEL
 RA 7160 – otherwise known as the “LOCAL
GOVERNMENT CODE OF 1991
provides for the REVISED KATARUNGANG
PAMBARANGAY LAW
- enacted on 10 October 1991
LUPONG TAGAPAMAYAPA
- a body of men created to settle disputes within the
barangay level
- shall be composed of the Barangay Chairman as
Chairman of the Lupon and the Barangay
Secretary as the Secretary of the Lupon
- Members shall be not less than ten (10) but not
more than twenty (20)
JURISDICTION OF THE LUPON
-those involving offenses that are punishable by
imprisonment of one year and below, or a fine in the
amount of five thousand pesos and (P5,000.00) or
below
MEDIATION OR CONCILIATION
– the process whereby disputants are persuaded by
the Punong Barangay or Pangkat to amicably settle
their disputes
THE END