Materi esensial

TRANSACTIONAL • DAILY ACTIVITIES

INTERACTION • PAST ACTIVITIES
TEXT • FUTURE PLAN
• ETC
 • SUGGESTION
• OFFERING
INTERPERSONAL HELP/SOMETHING
TEXT • AGREE/DISAGREE
• GIVING OPINION
• ETC
 • NOTICE
• INVITATION
SHORT • ANNOUNCEMENT
FUNCTIONAL • ADVERTISEMENT
TEXT • LETTER
 Announcement
• a formal public statement; "the government
made an announcement about changes in the
drug war"; "a declaration of independence" a
public statement containing information
about an event that has happened or is going
to happen; "the announcement appeared in
the local newspaper"; "the promulgation was
written in English"
 Advertisement
• Advertising is a form of communication used
to influence individuals to purchase products
or services or support political candidates or
ideas. Frequently it communicates a message
that includes the name of the product or
service and how that product or service could
potentially benefit the consumer. Advertising
often attempts to persuade potential
customers to purchase or to consume a
particular brand of product or service
 A descriptive text
• A descriptive text tells the readers what the thing is, or what the thing
does. A description should be so unique that a description of one
thing should be different from a description from another thing. In
other words, descriptive text is not used to generalize. All different
readers should be able to show the same thing being described in the
text.
The lexico-grammar of descriptive text is dominated with simple
present tense. This is due to the factual nature of a descriptive text.
The text only shows facts. The clause system is dominated with
relational and material process. Relational process is much employed
to show identifications of the thing being described, while material
process is used to show what the thing does. Because descriptive
texts show the attributes of the thing, most clauses use adjectives.
The adjectives are mostly descriptive rather than attitudinal.
Descriptive texts usually also show part-whole relationship. When
describing a guava tree in front of your house, for example, the
description should cover the description of the whole tree and its
parts like the trunk, the branches, leaves, and many other part
 Factual Report
• Teks report yang mempunyai langkah retorika
yaitu General Classification – Description dan
mempunyai fungsi sosial ( social function ) untuk
menjelaskan sesuatu apa adanya, yang
menyangkut kejadian alam, karya manusia, dan
fenomena sosial di sekitar kita . Teks ini
mempunyai kebahasaan khusus (lexico grammar
) di antaranya penggunaan simple present dan to
be . Berbagai jenis latihan reading
comprehension, grammar dan vocabulary yang
diberikan secara intensif dan bervariatif akan
lebih mempermudah anda memahami teks.
 Procedure Text

To explain how to do or to make something

• Goal/aim
• Materials( ingredients, equipment )
• Steps

• Language features
• action verbs
• nouns, noun phrase
• imperative sentence