JAWAHARLAL DARDA INSTITUTE OF

ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

YAVATMAL

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING
A SEMINAR PRESENTATION ON
Role of PLC and SCADA in Power Transmission Control
Station

Presented by
Mr. Abhijit. J. Mangre

Guided By:-
Prof. A. A. Gophane
 CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Block Diagram of PLC
• Block Diagram of SCADA
• Power Grid system
• Role of SCADA in substation
• Fault Simulation
• Advantages of proposed method
• Advantages of PLC
• Advantages of SCADA
• Conclusion
• References
 INTRODUCTION
• Now a days, if power failure is occurred by means of any short
circuit in transmission line, the line man has to inspect the entire
network from the transformer to the tail end.

• This traditional method of detecting fault takes more time and it

may cause risk to the line man in some abnormal situations (like
in rainy session). We found solution for this real time issue by
means of our paper called “PLC” which indicates the sequence
of the fault occurred in a SCADA.

• To deliver the power efficiently to the consumers.

Block Diagram of PLC
• The major block constituting a programmable logic controller
are
1) Power supply
2) Programming devices
3) Input Output devices
4) Memory
5) CPU

• Power supply: The power supply module powers the

controller including all its components with a standard 24V
DC supply. It is generally placed at one end in the PLC rack.
It converts the input power from 240V/120V AC to the rated
24V DC. It supplies an output current of 2A,5A and 10A to
the PLC modules.
• Programming devices:
 The programming device is used to enter the required
program into the memory of the processor.
 The program is developed in the programming device and
then transferred to the memory unit of the PLC.

• Input Output devices:

 Inputs monitor field devices, such as switches and
sensors.

 Outputs control other devices, such as motors, pumps,

solenoid valves, and lights.
• Memory:
The memory block present in the PLC is majorly divided into
three sections
 Load memory
 Work memory
 System memory

• CPU:
It is the brain of the PLC controlling all the activities inside the
controller.
Block Diagram of SCADA
• Server- Any computerized process that can be used or called
by another process (particularly remotely, particularly to
share a resource) is a server, and the calling process or
processes is a client.

• Ethernet Switch- An Ethernet switch is a device used to

build a network connection between the attached computers
(allows computers to talk to each other). It differs from
an Ethernet hub: While a hub will send incoming
data packets to all ports, a switch understands the packets'
addressing scheme and will send any data packet only to its
destination port, thus limiting the number of collisions (data
sent at the same time).

• Client - A desktop computer or workstation that is capable of

obtaining information and applications from a server.
• MTU-Master Terminal Unit in SCADA system is a device
that issues the commands to the RTU which are located at
remote places.

• Remote Terminal Unit-A remote terminal unit (RTU) is a

microprocessor-based electronic device used in industrial
control systems (ICS) to connect various hardware to
distributed control systems (DCS) or supervisory control and
data acquisition (SCADA).
• Interfacing- Memory Interfacing and I/O Interfacing are the
two main types of interfacing.

 Memory Interfacing is used when the microprocessor needs

to access memory frequently for reading and writing data
stored in the memory . It is used when reading/writing to a
specific register of a memory chip.

 I/O Interfacing is achieved by connecting keyboard(input)

and display monitors(output) with the microprocessor.

• IED- An Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) is a term used in

the electric power industry to describe microprocessor-based
controllers of power system equipment, such as circuit
breakers, transformers and capacitor banks.
Power Grid System
• Control Window- We can control the switching process and
monitor the voltage and current parameters of the
transformer.

• Substation Window-The connection of switches and circuit

breakers are monitoring the operating status.

• Indication Window- The circuit breakers monitor separately

and easily identify the fault location.

• Trend Window- Monitoring the voltage and current values

of transformer

• Alarm Window- Indicating low and high rating of current

and voltage.
Role of SCADA in Substation
• By using SCADA, the user can easily identify the fault
location.

• It will use to rectify the problem easily.

• Reduce man power and time delay of operation.

• Monitor and control of power delivery systems in substation.

• Trend Meter.
Fault Simulation
33kV Related Faults
Operator Screen
11kV Related Faults
 Advantages of proposed method
1. Reduced manpower.

2. Time delay is reduced.

3. Monitoring control station.

4. Economical and safe operation

5. If there is any fault occurs in substation then system can

easily identify the fault location.
Advantages of PLC
1. Troubleshooting is easier and faster.

2. It has reliability in operation.

3. It has very fast scan time.

4. Easy maintenance due to modular assembly.

5. Capable of handling of very complicated logic

operations.
Advantages of SCADA

1. The system provide facility to store large amount of data.

2. The data can be displayed in various formats as per user
requirements.
3. It is possible to obtain real data simulations with the help of
operators.
4. It is scalable and flexible in adding additional resources.
5. It is used in wide industries and departments including
telecommunications, energy, transportation, oil and gas,
water, military, meteorological etc.
6. It is fast in obtaining response.
CONCLUSION
• PLC and SCADA system is used for monitoring and
controlling the various electrical parameters (voltage, current
etc). By using these parameters, we can easily control any
load in our system to improve system operation, system
reliability, etc. alternatively, SCADA and PLC
communication system make it possible to integrate
protection control and monitoring electrical parameters
together for maximum benefit.
• To detect the exact position of the fault occurred in the
overhead HV power transmission line by PLC in a sequential
manner and to display in SCADA.
• To provide an uninterrupted power supply and short circuit
protection in transmission lines.
• Thus by using this system, we serve the power efficiently to
the consumers
REFERENCES
[1] Santhosh B. Belekar, “PLC SCADA based distribution monitoring
and control”, Multidisciplinary Journal of Research in Engineering
and Technology, Volume 1, Issue 1, April 2004.

[2] Rahul N, “Generation of Electricity by Renewable Energy Sources

& Transmission of Energy Production Units using PLC &
SCADA”,International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer
Engineering and Technology (IJARCET).

[3] Ravi Masand, Deepika Jadwani, Prof. S.P Shukla, “Fault Diagnosis
of Induction Motor Using Plc”, International Journal of Advanced
Research In Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation
Engineering, Vol.2, Issue 12, December 2013.
REFERENCES

[4] T. Vignesh, J. Kriubakaran, “Automation based power

transmission control station using PLC and
SCADA”, International Journal of Innovative Science in
Engineering and Technology.

[5] Khin Thu Zar Win, Hla Myo Tun, “Design and Implementation of
SCADA System Based Power Distribution for Primary Substation
(control system)”, International Journal of Electronics and
Computer Science Engineering 254.

[6] Oyetunji S. A., “Using Substation Automation System for Faults

Management and Analysis in Electric Power Distribution System”,
International Journal of Engineering and Technology.
REFERENCE

[7] Rahul N Deshmukh, P. H. Zope, S. R. Suralkar, “ Generation of

Electricity by Renewable Energy Sources and Transmission of
Energy Production Units using PLC and SCADA”, International
Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering and
Technology.

[8] Khalid W. Darwish, A. R. AL Ali, Rached Dhaouadi, “ Virtual

SCADA System for Power Substation”, Conference Paper
December 2007.
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