Dirk Benedict R.

Miranda
BSN Misamis University
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Development of the
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 Arrangements of
elements with their
physical and chemical
properties

Dirk Benedict R. Miranda

BSN Misamis University
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1817 – Johann Dobereiner, German chemist formed a triad of three elements;
Calcium, Barium and Strontium with their similar properties.

1863 – John Newlands, an English chemist proposed a classification in which

the elements are arranged in order of their increasing atomic masses. He
observed the repetition of similar properties for every eight element. He proposed
the “Law of Octaves”.

1869 – Lothar Mayer, a German chemist devised a classification of the elements

into a table that accounted for the periodic variations in properties. His table
included 56 elements.

1869 – Dmitri Mendileev, a Russian chemist who arranged the elements in the
order of their increasing atomic weight, by arranging the elements so that those
with similar characteristics are in vertical groupings. He made the Periodic Table
Of elements

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 Horizontal rows are called PERIODS or SERIES
Vertical columns of elements are called GROUPS

Group I A – Alkali metals

II A – Alkaline earth metals
III A – Boron family
IV A – Carbon family
V A – Nitrogen family
VI A – Oxygen family
VII A – Halogen family
VIII A or group zero – Noblegans

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1. They are hard, dense, solid (except mercury which is a liquid)
2. Shiny and can be polished
3. Malleable (can be hammered and rolled into sheets) and ductile (can
be drawn into wires).
4. They also for alloys, which are solutions of one or more metals
dissolved In another metal.
5. Conducts heat and electricity
6. Usually have high melting points
7. Have high tensile strength
8. Sonorous (ringing sound when struck)

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1. There are 18 non-metals that appear to the right side of the periodic
table.
2. Some are gasses, liquid and solids
3. Less dense and softer (except diamond)
4. Dull (except diamond) and cannot be polished
5. Brittle
6. Not sonorous
7. Do not conduct electricity
8. Low melting point
9. Low tensile strength
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1. Six element – Boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony and
tellurium.
2. Some of their properties are metallic and some are non-metallic

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 1. A help in the understanding of the
physical and chemical properties of
many elements
2. It is a guide to chemical prediction and
theory
3. Several periodic variations and
correlations can be predicted by using
the periodic table
4. It is also used to determine the formula
for compound.

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