Course Code : 19ME101T

Course Title : Engineering

Graphics
L T P C
2 0 4 4
Course Outcomes
Construct different curves and draw the projection
CO 1
of points and straight lines for the given positions.
Draw the projection of planes and simple solids
CO 2
inclined to one or both the reference planes.
Draw the projection of sectional views and
CO 3
development of lateral surfaces of cut solids.
Visualize and develop isometric and perspective
CO 4
views of simple and sectioned vertical solids.
Develop the plan and sectional elevation of a
CO 5 single-storey building showing the details from
foundation to ceiling.
 SYLLABUS
CONCEPTS AND CONVENTIONS 2
(Not for Examination)

UNIT- I 11
CURVES, PROJECTIONS OF POINTS AND STRAIGHT LINES

UNIT- II 11
PROJECTIONS OF PLANE SURFACES AND SIMPLE SOLIDS

UNIT-III 12
PROJECTIONS AND DEVELOPMENT OF SECTIONED SOLIDS

UNIT-IV 12
PICTORIAL PROJECTIONS

UNIT-V 12
BUILDING DRAWING AND COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING
 Overview of an
Engineering Graphics
GRAPHICS
LANGUAGE
Effectiveness of Graphics Language
1. Try to write a description of
this object.

2. Test your written description

by having someone attempt
to make a sketch from your
description.

You can easily understand that …

The word languages are inadequate for describing the

size, shape and features completely as well as
concisely.
DRAWINGS
( A Graphical Representation)
The Fact about:

If compared with Verbal or Written Description,

Drawings offer far better idea about the Shape, Size &
Appearance of any object or situation or location, that too in
quite a less time.

Hence it has become the Best Media of Communication

not only in Engineering but in almost all Fields.
Composition of Graphic Language
Graphic language in “engineering application” use
lines to represent the surfaces, edges and contours
of objects.

The language is known as “drawing” or “drafting” .

A drawing can be done using freehand, instruments or

computer methods.
Freehand drawing
The lines are sketched without using instruments
other than pencils and erasers.

Example
Instrument drawing
Instruments are used to draw straight lines, circles,
and curves concisely and accurately. Thus, the
drawings are usually made to scale.

Example
 Computer drawing
The drawings are usually made by commercial
software such as AutoCAD, solid works etc.

Example
Engineering
Drawing
 Elements of Engineering Drawing
Engineering drawing are made up of graphics language
and word language.

Graphics
language
Describe a shape
(mainly).

Word
language
Describe size, location and
specification of the object.
Drawing Standard
Standards are set of rules that govern how technical
drawings are represented.

Drawing standards are used so that drawings convey

the same meaning to everyone who reads them.

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 Standard Code
Country Code Full name

India BIS Bureau of Indian Standards

USA ANSI American National Standard Institute
Japan JIS Japanese Industrial Standard
UK BS British Standard
Australia AS Australian Standard
Germany DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung

ISO International Standards Organization

 Drawing Sheet
A4
Trimmed paper of
a size A0 ~ A4.
A3
Standard sheet size
A2
A4 210 x 297
A3 297 x 420
A2 420 x 594 A1

A1 594 x 841
A0 841 x 1189

(Dimensions in millimeters) A0
Drawing Scales
Designation of a scale consists of the word “SCALE”
followed by the indication of its ratio, as follow

SCALE 1:1 for full size

SCALE X:1 for enlargement scales
SCALE 1:X for reduction scales
Types of Lines
Example : Line conventions in engineering drawing

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Lettering
 Text on Drawings
Text on engineering drawing is used :

To communicate nongraphic information.

As a substitute for graphic information, in those
instance where text can communicate the needed
information more clearly and quickly.

Thus, it must be written with

Legibility - shape
- space between letters and words

Uniformity - size
- line thickness
Example Placement of the text on drawing
Dimension & Notes

Notes Title Block

Example : Good and Poor Lettering

GOOD

Not uniform in style.

Not uniform in height.

Not uniformly vertical or inclined.

Not uniform in thickness of stroke.

Area between letters not uniform.

Area between words not uniform.

♣ The following figures illustrates the Aligned system of dimensioning:

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