INTRODUCTION

WATER QUALITY AND

QUANTITY ASPECTS

By

K.C. Manjunath
Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
NIE,Mysore 1
 RAIN WATER HARVESTING

RWH

Collection and Storage of Rain

Water for later use (from small
catchment areas)

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 Increase in
Uneven population and
Rainfall consumption

Shortage of water
Dried up

Surface
Contaminated
Sources
of Water Depleted
Ground

Remedy: RWH Salt content

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EXISTING RWH SCHEME IN INDIVIDUAL
HOUSES
Roof top

Mesh filter

First
Flush
Device Sand
Filter

Overflow Tank

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 WATER QUALITY

PURE WATER
IMPURE WATER
WHOLESOME WATER POTABLE WATER
PALATABLE WATER
MINERAL WATER

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 WATER QUALITY @ SOURCES

SURFACE SOURCES SEA & OCEANS

SNOW & ICE
STREMS & RIVERS
POND & LAKES BACTERIA
SUSPENDED IMPURITIES

GROUND SOURCES TUBE WELLS

OPEN WELLS DISSOLVED SALTS
BACTERIA

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Test results of surface water sample collected from a river
near by Mysore
Sl Characteristics Result
1 Ph 7.9
2 Colour 13
3 Turbidity ,NTU 15
4 Total hardness 94mg/l
5 Total Alkalinity 150mg/l
6 Chlorides 14mg/l
7 Sulphates 15mg/l
8 Iron 0.1mg/l
9 Flourides 0.4mg/l
10 Nitrate 1.8mg/l
11 TDS 180mg/l
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12 Bacteriological test E-Coli present
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 RAIN WATER QUALITY

ROOF GOOD QUALITY DUST + BIRD DROPPINGS

PAVED AREAS MEDIUM QUALITY SILT+SAND+OIL&GREASE
NATURE SOIL POOR QUALITY CLAY+SILT&SAND+ORGANIC
MATTER + BACTERIA

QUALITY OF STORED WATER

NO CHANGE IN QUALITY SUN LIGHT & VENTILATION

INSECTS &WORMS

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RAIN WATER QUALITY

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 WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS

Tests conducted on sample

Name Alkali Chlo-

Hard- pH D.O. Taste Odors Color Cond. E coli
-nity ride
ness
Krishnamurthy M. 6.5 8 1.8 Nil 6.2 Good Nil 3 7.7 Nil
D.N. Shankarbhat 4.5 7 1.6 Nil 6.2 Good Nil 9 9.2 Nil
K. Narayanbhat 8.5 7 1.9 Nil 6.2 Good Nil 12 8.0 Nil
M.N.N. Murthy 4.7 9 1.7 1.2 6.2 Good Nil Nil 9.2 Pres
Tritan Valves 5.2 7.3 1.6 1.7 6.2 Pale Nil Nil 11 Nil
Ramesh 4.0 7.2 1.9 1.8 6.3 Good Nil 3 8.2 Nil
C.V. Gowda 9.2 7.0 6.4 6.5 6.1 Good Nil 1 43 Nil
P.S. at Gendethur 6.6 10.5 18.2 0.9 6.2 Good Nil 5 82 Nil

Note: The values of Hardness, Alkalinity, Chloride and Dissolved

Oxygen are expressed in mg/litre. The values of Conductivity are
expressed as -mho/cm
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 WATER QUANTITY
COOKING
DRINKING
BATHING 135 LPCD
WASHING
RURAL AREAS DOMESTIC ANIMALS
URBAN AREAS COMMERCIAL
INDUSRIAL
PUBLIC 270LPCD
FIRE FIGHTING

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 WATER CRISIS

INDREASE IN DEMAND MORE POPULATION

MORE CONSUMPTION
RESULTED IN SURFACE SOURCES DRYING UP
POLLUTED
GROUND SOURCES DEPLETION
INCREASE IN SALT CONTENT

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 Rainfall Analysis for Mysore city

Total Rainfall - 800 mm/year

Premonsoon (April - May) - 30% of total rain
Monsoon(June-Oct) - 55% of total rain
Hingaru (Oct –Nov) - 15% of total rain

May + September + October – 60% of total rain

70% of total rains occur within about 3 hours of the rainy
day

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RAINFALL ANALYSIS

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