Smart Vehicles

Smart vehicle Components

• 1)The interaction unit, with a see through windshield monitor to
display content quickly instead of a traditional windshield, and with a
variety of in-vehicle sensors to convey information to users or to the
computing and communication unit.
• 2) The computing and communication unit, which provides access
and execution of both external and internal services with internet
access capability.
• 3) The application unit, which facilitates downloading of third-party
apps.
• Input sensors:
• vehicle surround sensors: There are six image sensors plus a GPS sensor around the
Smart Car demonstration platform for capturing road scenes and locating the car’s
position. The configuration of these image sensors, which jointly offer the driver
with a 360-degree view out of the vehicle
• user behavioral sensors: In our Smart Car demonstration platform, there are three
kinds of motion sensors (including a gesture sensor, a voice sensor, and an eye
tracking sensor) mounted on the dashboard of the vehicle which receive user’s
commands and transmit them to the computing and communication unit
• Output devices
• transparent windshield display: The Smart Car demonstration platform has a
transparent display built into its windshield. Hence, the windshield acts as a display
that allows users to not only see through the screen but also show on-demand
information with real-time display in augmented reality through this visual interface.
• Computing and Communication Unit: The computing and communication
unit of the Smart Car should provide real-time access and execution of
external/internal services and process multiple data sets acquired from
varied sensors of the interaction unit
• Embedded Multi-core Processors
• Internal Memory
• Solid state disk
• GPS
• GPU
• Power management unit
• OS
• Application Unit: We gave the Smart Car an open platform where
users are able to download applications from automobile companies,
government/private utility providers, and insurance companies in
order to customize the features, performance, and capabilities.
• The applications in this platform can be manipulated through
gestures, voice, and eyes
 Connected vehicles
• Vehicles are equipped with
• Sensors
• Network and communicating devices
• Communication between a vehicle and another vehicle
• between a vehicle and a pedestrian user
• between a vehicle and roadside infrastructure
Vehicles to Everything (V2X )paradigm
• V2X follows a distributed architecture, where contents are widely
distributed over the network
• Not restricted to a single source information provider.
• Designed mainly for highly mobile environment.
• Can share information to nodes in vicinity, as well as remotely located
nodes
• Has greatly enhanced travel efficiency as well as safety.
Failure of TCP/IP in V2X
• Designed mainly for handling information exchange between single
pair of entities.
• Information exchange dependent on the location of data.(from this
particular data base in a particular server the data has to be fetched)
• Can only identify the addresses of endpoints, which alone is not
useful for content distribution.
• Increase in number of wireless devices, restricts the mobility of the
nodes.
Content centric networking (CCN)
• Traditional networking is IP-based, host-oriented, Internet architecture
• CCN is derived from information centric networking
• Focuses more on the data than its actual location.
• Do broadcasting and whoever has that data is going to send me the data
• Hierarchically named data.
• Hierarchical data is transmitted directly instead of being part of a conversation.
• Enables scalable and efficient data dissemination.
• In-network caching allows for low data traffic.
• you do not really need to keep track of the source the destination and the
intermediate hops in between and how the data is going to float all around
• Works well in highly mobile environments.
• CCN is characterized by the basic exchange of content request
messages (called "Interests") and content return messages (called
"Content Objects")
• The goals of CCN are to provide a more secure, flexible and scalable
network
• CCN has inherent advantages in the vehicular network environment:
• (1) CCN allows nodes to communicate directly without any
announcements.
• (2) CCN doesn't need to know the identity of a region or IP address;
• (3) CCN supports the asynchronous data exchange between the terminals
• There are two types of messages: Interest and Data in CCN.
• The client sends out the Interest, which is the name of the requested
content, and the Interest is broadcasted from nodes to nodes until it is
matched at the node or the server. The Data, which is the feedback of the
Interest, traces reversely to the client, and they will be cached along the
path
• The Benefits of Content-Centric Networking
• Simplifies network use - reduces set-up time and doesn't require manual
configuration through firewalls, VPNs, and ad hoc synchronization protocols.
• Provides a seamless, ubiquitous experience - allows people to easily send and
receive digital content from multiple locations, mobile devices, and diverse
networks.
• Reduces congestion and latency - doesn't send irrelevant or redundant
information through network pipelines.
• Improves network performance while reducing operating costs - increases
efficiency
• Increases network reliability - robustly delivers information using any available
medium.
• Supports new and emerging applications - facilitates mobile and wireless access
(which are currently relegated to the fringe of the network), and enables
broadcast, voice over IP (VoIP), autonomous sensor networks, ubiquitous
applications, and context-aware computing.