BSED – 1A Language, Culture, and Society

Communication Among
Nonhuman Primates and
other Vertebrates

A D ATA N , V I L L A M O R J R . V.
L I B R E , D I O J E N V.
MALINAO, CHARLENE A.
 Primates
Member of the group of human beings, apes, and monkeys.
 Vertebrate
Biology: an animal that has a backbone. (ex. fishes, amphibians,
reptiles, birds, and mammals.
 Birds
Type of communication:
“Vocalization”
a. Birdsongs
• only sung by male birds
• much difficult than birdcalls

Functions
1. Establish and hold territory
2. Repel other male birds
3. Attract female birds during
breeding seasons.
Conclusion
Depending on the species,
birdsongs can either be inborn
or can be learned.
b. Birdcalls
• Short (single notes or short
sequences of notes)

Functions
1. Signal alarm
2. Feeding Conclusion
3. Distress Birdcalls already exist at birth
of a bird.
4. Take off (landing)
 Mammal
Type of communication:
“Vocalization”
Example of mammals
a. Bottle-nosed dolphins
a. Bottle-nosed dolphins
Members of this kind of dolphins produces:
• clicks, barks, yelps, moans, whistles,
squeals

Conclusion
- The function of this vocalization are still insufficient or not fully
understood by scientists.
- But some appears to express emotional states.
- Others may use as echolocation and navigation.
- To identify other dolphins.
b. Humpback whales
b. Humpback whales

Members of this kind of whales produces:

“songs” (lasting as long as half an hour).

All whales of a particular area sing the

same songs, although overtime these songs
maybe somewhat modified.
 Apes
Type of communication:
“Vocalization”
Apes uses a variety of vocal sounds
This includes: grunts, pants, parks, whimpers, screams, squeaks,
hoots.

Each vocalizations represents one or several circumstances.

Example of apes
a. Chimpanzee
b. Gorilla
Thank you for listening!