CY200 – Smart Functional Materials

Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs)

INSTRUCTOR :- DR. SANJIB BANERJEE BY :- LOKESHWAR KUMAR RATHIYA

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY 11640480 , EECS
IIT BHILAI
 Introduction

 Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) are a

unique class of metal alloys that have
the tendency to regain their pre-
deformed shape and size when
subjected to certain stimulus.
 Examples :- NiTi 50-50% Alloys (Nitiol),
Copper based alloys (Cu-Zn-Al and Cu-
Al-Ni )
 Nickel Titanium (NiTi)

 Nickel Titanium also known as Nitinol.

 The SMAs have two stable phases the high-
temperature phase, called austenite and
the low-temperature phase, called
martensite.
 Nitinol alloys exhibit two closely related and
unique properties: shape memory effect
(SME) and super elasticity (SE; also
called pseudo elasticity, PE).
Shape Memory Effect

 NiTi senses a change in ambient

temperature and is able to convert its
shape to a preprogrammed structure.
 NiTi is soft and easily deformable in its
lower temperature form (martensite)
 it resumes its original shape and rigidity
when heated to its higher temperature
form austenite, called the one-way
shape memory effect.
 Super Elasticity

 It refers to the ability of NiTi to return to its

original shape
 This is based on stress-induced martensite
formation.
Stress –Strain Diagram of SMAs
SMAs : Modeling
Applications

 Various thermal actuators then

came into existence as a part of
electric appliances and
automobile engineering
 Automobile
 Aerospace application
 Bio medical
 Civil engineering of Mega
structures
Advantages

 Shape memory
 High strength
 Good elasticity
 Fatigue Resistance
 Wear resistance
 Easy fabrication
 High Power/weight ratio
 Light weight