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7 Acoustics
7 Acoustics
7 Acoustics
6.0
6.0 ACOUSTICS
6.1 Definition 6.1.2 Sound
6.1 Definitions
6.1.1 Acoustics Sound is the human ear’s response
to pressure fluctuations in the air
6.2 Nature of Sound Acoustics is a science which deals caused by vibrating objects. For
with the production, control, example, a tap on the wall produces
6.3 Acoustical transmission, reception and effects sound because the tap makes a wall
Concerns in of sound in an enclosed space. vibrate. The vibrating wall produces
Architecture
pressure fluctuations in the air.
6.4 Principal
Acoustical Defects
of Rooms Sound travels in space by a
phenomenon called wave motion.
Wave motion in air is similar to the
motion of a ripple produced by
dropping a pebble into a water pond.
6.0 ACOUSTICS
6.2 Nature of Sound
6.1 Definitions
6.2.1 Types of Sound 6.2.2 Physical Quantities
6.2.1
of Sound
6.2 Nature of Sound 1. Speech
1. FREQUENCY (f) – the
6.3 Acoustical 2. Music number of sound ripples
Concerns in generated in unit time.
Architecture
3. Noise
6.4 Principal
Acoustical Defects The number of cycles that the
of Rooms air particles move back and forth
in one second in a sound wave
is called the frequency of the
wave. Its unit is cycles per
second (c/s) which is also
termed Hertz (Hz) after the
Austrian physicist Heinrich Hertz
(1857-94).
6.0 ACOUSTICS
6.3 Acoustical Eight frequency bands, or octaves, are considered in room acoustics
Concerns in with the following center frequencies: 63 Hz, 125 Hz, 250 Hz, 500 Hz,
Architecture 1 kHz, 2 kHz, 4 kHz and 8 kHz.
6.4 Principal
Acoustical Defects
of Rooms
6.0 ACOUSTICS
6.1 Definitions 6.2.2 Physical Quantities Frequency range for speech and
of Sound music:
6.2 Nature of Sound
6.3 Acoustical
Concerns in
Architecture
6.4 Principal
Acoustical Defects
of Rooms
6.0 ACOUSTICS
6.3 Acoustical
Concerns in
Architecture
6.4 Principal
Acoustical Defects
of Rooms
6.0 ACOUSTICS
6.2.3 Characteristics of
Sound
6.1 Definitions
6.2 Nature of Sound 2. PITCH – is the frequency of sound wave perceived by the human
ear. A high-pitched sound means that it has a high frequency. The
6.3 Acoustical
female voice is slightly higher pitched than the male voice.
Concerns in
Architecture
6.4 Principal
Acoustical Defects
of Rooms
6.0 ACOUSTICS
6.3 Acoustical Concerns in
Architecture
6.1 Definitions 6.3.2 Noise Control
6.2 Nature of Sound
This involves the following
6.3 Acoustical activities:
Concerns in
Architecture •the control of air-borne noise
through the insulation of sound or
6.4 Principal the shutting-out of unwanted
Acoustical Defects sounds from the outside. This
of Rooms requires a study of the sound
insulating values of walls, partitions,
doors and windows and a study of
the ventilating systems to provide a
basis for the reduction of the
transfer of unwanted sound from
one room to another;
END