Connecting Environment and the

Economy
in Cuatro Islas Protected Landscape
and Seascape of Inopacan and
Hindang, Leyte

Researchers
Zyra May H. Centino
Jedan A. Cavero

Implementing Agency
Visayas State University

Funding Agency
Department of Environment and Natural
Resources

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Description
Rationale
□ Under DENR-8 project on Payment for Ecosystem Service
(PES) Scheme for the region’s Protected Areas
□ Identified and valued the ecosystem services provided by
the Cuatro Islas Protected Landscape and Seascape (CIPLS)
□ How much will be lost if CIPLS is destroyed?
□ The result of the study was presented to the local
Protected Area Management Board (PAMB)

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Description
Objectives
1. Describe the demographic and economic profile
of the Cuatro Islas households
2. Identify the service providers and beneficiaries of
the CIPLS
3. Determine the willingness-to-pay of CIPLS
beneficiaries to protect the area

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Description

Objectives
4. Estimate the value of the provisioning services of
CIPLS
5. Assess the recreational value of CIPLS
6. Determine the factors affecting the willingness-to-
pay (WTP) of CIPLS beneficiaries
7. Determine the factors affecting decisions of tourists
to visit the CIPLS

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Description

Objectives
8. Identify challenges and issues encountered by
CIPLS stakeholders
9. Provide institutional arrangements between
stakeholders, incorporating relevant laws on
protected areas
10. Suggest policies and initiatives relevant to PES
scheme in CIPLS

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Description
Methodology
□ On-site interview of respondents --165 personal
interviews of household heads and 67 tourists
□ For the provisioning services of CIPLS, the
Contingent Valuation Method via WTP elicitation
technique was used
□ Individual Travel Cost Method (ICTM) was used to
estimate the value of the recreational services of CIPLS

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Description
Methodology
□ Benefit-Cost Analysis (BCA) was employed for the
main source of livelihood (fishing and romblon
stripping)
□ Regression analysis was used in determining the
significant factors affecting the WTP of beneficiaries
and factors affecting decision of tourists to visit
CIPLS

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Accomplishment Highlights
Objectives 1 & 2
Demographic and economic characteristics of
Cuatro islas households and tourists were obtained
□ Household respondents: 51% male, average age
of 47 years, 75% of them married, average
household size of 5, residing in Cuatro Islas for an
average of 36 years, spent an average of 7 years in
school (59% elementary level), average household
monthly income of P9,197 primarily from fishing
and romblon stripping

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Accomplishment Highlights
Objectives 1 & 2
Demographic and economic characteristics of
Cuatro islas households and tourists were obtained
□ Tourist respondents: 60% female, average age of
34 years, 13 years spent at school (81% college
level), average household size of 5, business owners
coming from nearby municipalities with an average
monthly income of P22,834

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Accomplishment Highlights
Objectives 1 & 2
Demographic and economic characteristics of
Cuatro islas households and tourists were obtained
□ Stakeholders: Cuatro Islas households and
tourists, government agencies (DENR, VSU, LGUs,
KALAHI, PAMB, BFAR), people’s organizations (Key
Biodiversity Conservation Association an Cuatro
Islas Development Organization)

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Accomplishment Highlights
Objectives 3, 4 & 5
Valuation Results
□ CVM estimated the provisioning services value of
CIPLS at P2,630,160 (given WTP of P78/hh/mo)
□ BCA of the main forms of livelihood was
estimated at a net value of P140,875,567
□ ITCM estimated the value of the recreational
services provided by the area at P628,305,135

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Accomplishment Highlights
Objective 6
Determinants of WTP
□ Education, Perceived Benefits and Damages
– the lack of/poor understanding of the value of protecting
the area for sustainable benefits resulted to a very low CVM
compared to the actual benefits derived from the provisioning
services
– increasing the number of benefits derived from the area
increases the value that people put to keep the area protected
– preventing environmental damage adds more value to the
CIPLS

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Accomplishment Highlights
Objective 7
Determinants of Tourist Visits to CIPLS
□ Availability of Substitute Site and Travel Cost
– the availability of substitute sites would reduce
visits to CIPLS
– if the cost of getting to/visiting the CIPLS
increases, the number of visits to the area
decreases

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Accomplishment Highlights
Objective 8
Challenges and Issues
□ Unmanaged wastes, overfishing/low fish catch,
dynamite fishing, use of cyanide and coral reefs
destruction
□ Food scarcity during bad weather condition
□ Use of rainwater supply for drinking (93%) and
diarrhoea (85%)

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Accomplishment Highlights
Objective 8
Challenges and Issues
□ Tourists complained about the poor comfort
room facilities, over-priced boat rental, scarce
water supply, poor lighting facilities, inadequate
food stalls, overpriced goods, high maintenance
fee, and other logistics such as poor Coast Guard
and tour guide services, unpredictable weather
condition

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Accomplishment Highlights
Objective 9
Relevant laws on Protected Areas
□ Wastes, illegal fishing and other issues are mostly
covered under existing laws.
- serious and sustainable information
campaigns on relevant laws should be provided
- strict policing and implementation of laws
- political will

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Accomplishment Highlights
Objective 10
Policies and Initiatives on PES Framework in CIPLS

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018
2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018
 Summary

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 Technical Information

Problems Met and Actions Taken

□ Weather disturbances causing delays in site visits
for interviews and FGDs
- critical timing of logistics
□ Late arrival of supplies/materials
- borrowing from other sources
□ Lack of coordination between Inopacan and
Hindang LGUs, i.e., entrance fee

2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018

 THANK YOU!
Thank you!
2018 Agency In-House RDE Reviews, 24-28 September 2018