Pick one figure from

the box. Do not show

it to anyone we’ll
open it together. Then
after you open it, find
your partner and sit
together.
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 It is two “things”
(numbers/quantities)
compared to each other.

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 1. 3 dollars per gallon –
2. 40 miles per hour –
3. 15 girls VS. 14 boys –
4. 569 words in 2 minutes –
5. 23 green balls and 35 blue balls-

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 It is an equation of
two ratios.

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 1. 3 dollars per gallon = 6 dollars per 2 gallons
2. 40 miles per hour = 240 miles per 6 hours
3. 23 green balls and 35 blue balls= 69 green balls and
105 blue balls

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 a c
b d

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 The second and third term
called as the means.

a c
b d
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 The first and fourth term called
as the extremes.

a c
b d
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 C O R P O R AT E
PRESENTATION TEMPLATES

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 Means- Extremes Product
Law of Proportion
The product of the “means” is equal to the
product of “extremes”.
a c
b d
ad = bc
When b 0, d 0
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 Example#1

Find the value of X.

4 2
X 6

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 Solution:
Example#1

Find the value of X. 2X = 4(6)

4 2 2X = 24
X 6 2 =2
X= 12
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 Example#2

What is the value of X.

3 2
X 6
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 Solution:
Example#2

Find the value of X. 2X = 3(6)

3 2 2X = 18
X 6 2 =2
X= 9
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 Example#3

What is the value of X.

4 12
1 X
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 Solution:
Example#3

Find the value of X. 4X = 12(1)

4 1 4X = 12
12 X 4 =4
X= 3
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 Example#4

What is the value of X.

10 : 5 = X : 4
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 Solution:
Example#4

Find the value of X. 5X = 10(4)

5X = 40
10 : 5 = x : 4 5 =5
X= 8
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 Switch Means- Switch Extremes
Law of Proportion
Interchanging the “means” or the
“extremes” of a proportion results,
a c
b d

d c Where a, b, c and d are non-

b a zero real numbers.
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Example#1 (interchange of Example#1 (interchange of
means) 4: X = 2: 6 extremes) 6: X = 2: 4

2 X = 4( 6) 2X = 6( 4)
2X = 24 2X = 24
2 =2 2 =2
X= 12 X= 12
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Example#1 (interchange of
Example#1 (interchange of
means - extremes)
extremes - means)
4: X = 2: 6 4: X = 2: 6
X: 4 = 2: 6 4: X = 6: 2
6 X = 4( 2 ) 6X = 4( 2)
6X = 8
2X = 8
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Example#2 (interchange of Example#2 (interchange of
extremes)
means)
3: X = 2: 6
3: X = 2: 6
6: X = 2: 3
3: 2 = X: 6
2 X = 3( 6) 2X = 6( 3)
2X = 18 2X = 18
2 =2 2 =2
X= 9 X= 9
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Example#3 (interchange of Example#3 (interchange of
extremes)
means)
4: 12 = 1: X
4: 12 = 1: X
X: 12 = 1: 4
4: 1 = 12: X
4X = 12(1) 4X = 12( 1)
4X = 12 4X = 12
4 = 4 4 = 4
X= 3 X= 3
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Example#4 (interchange of Example#4 (interchange of
extremes)
means)
10: 5 = X : 4
10: 5 = X: 4
4: 5 = X: 10
10: X = 5: 4
5X = 10(4) 5X = 4( 10)
5X = 40 5X = 40
5 = 5 5 = 5
X= 8 X= 8
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 Invert Both Sides Law of
Proportion
If the term of the ratios of a proportion
are inverted the result is an equivalent
proportion.
a c
b d
Where a, b, c and d are non-
b d
zero real numbers.
a c
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 Invert Both Sides Law of Proportion
Solution:
1. a:b = c:d Given
2. a c
b d Renaming
3. a c
b d 2nd Law of Proportion (interchanging means)
4. a c
b d 2nd Law of Proportion (interchanging extremes

5. d:c = b:a Converse of First Law of Proportion

6. b:a= d:c Symmetric Property
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 Invert Both Sides Law of Proportion
Example#1:
1. 3:X = 2:6 Given
2. 3 2
X 6 Renaming
3. 3 X
2 6 2nd Law of Proportion (interchanging means)
4. 6 X
2 3 2nd Law of Proportion (interchanging extremes)

5. 6:2 = X:3 Converse of First Law of Proportion

6. X:3= 6:2 Symmetric Property
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 Invert Both Sides Law of Proportion
Example#2:
1. 4:12 = 1:X Given
2. 4 1
12 X Renaming
3. 4 12
1 X 2nd Law of Proportion
4. X 12
1 4 2nd Law of Proportion
5. X:1 = 12:4 Converse of First Law of Proportion
6. 12:4= X:1 Symmetric Property
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 Denominator Addition Law of
Proportion

a c
b d

a+b c+d
b d When b 0, d 0
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 5:4 = 3:X
5+4 3+X
4 X
(X)(5+4)= 4(3+X)
X(9) = 12+4X Example#1
9X= 12+4X
9X-4X=12
5X 12
5 5
X= 12
5
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 X+1 : X+2 = 2:3
X+1+X+2 2+3
X+2 3
2X+3 2+3
X+2 3 Example#2
3(2X+3) = 5(X+2)
6X+9= 5X+10
6X-5X=10-9

X= 1
© 2018 Slidefabric.com All rights reserved. P A G E 33
Denominator Subtraction Law of
Proportion

a c
b d

a-b c-d
b d When b 0, d 0
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 Example#1:
1. X+Y : X-Y = 3 : 2 Given
2. X+Y 3
X-Y 2 Equivalent Form
3. X+Y – (X-Y) 3-2
X-Y 2 5TH Law of Proportion
4. X+Y-X+Y 1
X-Y 2 Distributive Property
5. 2Y 1 Converse of First Law of Proportion
X-Y 2
5. 12:4= X:1 Symmetric Property

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 Continuation :
1. 2(2Y)= 1(X-Y)
4Y= X-Y 1ST Law of Proportion
4Y + Y = X
5Y = X
X=5
Y
X:Y= 5:1 Equivalent Form

therefore the ration of X to Y is 5:1

© 2018 Slidefabric.com All rights reserved. P A G E 36

Numerator - Denominator Sum Law
of Proportion
The ratio of the sum of the numerators to
the sum of the denominators is
equivalent to each of the equal ratio
a c e …….,
b d f
a + c+ e
b +d+ f Where a, b, c and d are non
a c e zero real numbers.
b d f
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 Example:

2+X 2
X 18

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 Solution:
1. 2 X Given
X 18
2. 2+X 2 6th Law of proportion
X+18 X
3. X(2+X) = 2 (X+18) 1st Law of Proportion
4. 2X + X² = 2X + 36 Distributive Property
5. X² +2X – 2X = 36 Addition Property
6. X² = 36
X = ±√36 Square Root Property
X=6

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 Example:

2 X
X 14

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 Solution:
1. 2 X Given
X 50
2. 2+X 2 6th Law of proportion
X+50 X
3. 2(X+50) = X (2+X) 1st Law of Proportion
4. 2X + 100 = 2X + X² Distributive Property
5. 100 = 2X-2X + X² Addition Property
6. 100 = X²
X = ±√100 Square Root Property
X = 10

© 2018 Slidefabric.com All rights reserved. P A G E 41

© 2018 Slidefabric.com All rights reserved. P A G E 42
 In a proportion, the product of
the means equals the product
of the extremes is?

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 It is the comparison of two
things.

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 Interchanging the means or the
extremes of a proportion
results in equivalent
proportion.

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 It is the equation of two ratios.

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 The terms of the ratios of a
proportion are inverted where
the result of it is an equivalent
proportion .

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 It is a situation where you are
adding the denominator of the
ratio into its numerator.

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 It is the reverse of the
Denominator – Addition Law of
Proportion

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 It is where the ratio of the sum
of the numerators has an
equivalent ratio into the sum of
the ratio of its denominator.

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Prepared By: Michelle V. Matriano