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Materials:
DRUG DELIVERY
Group members
1. Anina Hajar bt Ruslan
2. Siti Aishah bt Othman
3. Kamil Muhammad b Yusoff
4. Yasmin Nadhirah bt Zakaria
 Drug Delivery ?
(DD)

• Engineered technologies : Material requirement for delivery

or release of pharmaceutical compound in body to safely
achieved therapeutic effect
• Therapeutic Effect : Response body due to released drug
• Drug Delivery Material : Material-based system,
biocompatible nanoscale + great respond with body system
• Drug Delivery System : Control rate where drugs is released
+ location in body.
• Approached : Via drug’s chemical formulation, medical device
or drug-device combination
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 Current Medical Practice ?

• Side effect occur due to type medication used, materials used, ways its delivered and
body’s response
• Decrease potential side effect ?
 Routes of administration : Location which drug is release.
▰ Example Oral ( by mouth)
▰ intravenous ( injection )
 Material Selection ;
 MUST BIO-COMPATIBLE
 NOT DANGER : NOT DESTROY IMMUNE SYSTEM
 FOCUS ON INTENDED SITE , instead diffuse to non-specific area of body
 Capsules, liposome, micro particle, nanoparticle and polymer
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 History of Drug Delivery

 Before 1950, all drugs were made into pill or capsule formulations that released the loaded drug immediately upon
contact with water without any ability to control the drug release kinetics.

 In 1952, Smith Klein Beecham introduced the first sustained release formulation, the Spansule technology, that was
able to control the drug release kinetics and achieve 12-hour efficacy.

 The first generation (1G) of development from 1950 to 1980. This period identified four drug release mechanisms
that accelerated development of numerous oral and transdermal controlled release formulations.

 The second generation (2G) of development from 1980 to 2010, technologies have been less successful, as
measured by the number of clinical products produced. One of the reasons for this is that the 2G technologies deal
with more difficult formulations and inability of the drug delivery systems to overcome biological barriers.

 The third generation (3G) drug delivery of development from 2010 until today, technologies will have to be
advanced that can overcome physiochemical and biological barriers.
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3G Drug Delivery Technology

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 Liposomes

▰ Liposome is a phospholipid bilayer.

▰ It has spherical in shaped which at the outermost layer and
innermost is covered by hydrophilic head.
▰ Inside core region, liposome entrap the therapeutic molecules
such as drugs, vaccines, enzymes, proteins and genetic material.
▰ It is the best drug delivery system because we can manipulated
the active pharmaceutical ingredients (API).
▰ Most drug used this system but amorphous solid dispersion
(ASD) liposome is the latest medicine technology discussed
nowadays. 6
Liposomes

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 ASD-005

▰ ASD-005 is one of liposome-like lipid nanoparticles to maintain

the releasing of a non-selective β and α adrenergic receptor
blocker by the parenteral route.
▰ Typically patients with acute cardiovascular consume this drug.
▰ It is composed of carvedilol encapsulated in liposomes-like
nanoparticles.
▰ Upon intravenous, ASD-005 showed higher bioavailability and
lower clearance rate.
▰ It is said to be pharmacokinetics (PK) profile.
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PK Profile

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New technology in Drug Delivery

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Material used for drug
deliveries

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 Biodegradable polymer

Natural polymer
 Collagen – biocompatible, non-toxic, can be isolated and purified in large
quantities.
 Gelatin – easily available, have low antigen profile and have low binding
affinity to drug molecules.
Synthetic polymer
 Polyanhydrides – is biocompatible and bio absorbable. Can easily
removed from the body because can degrade in their diacid counter parts in
vivo.
 Polyamides – have good mechanical properties and have high polar
behavior. Used to deliver low molecular weight drugs. 14
 Non biodegradable polymers

▰ Commonly used in diffusion controlled system

▰ Silicone, cross-linked Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and Ethyl Vinyl
Acetate (EVA) are mostly used in drug formulations.
 Silicone – used as permeable or impermeable material depend on
the thickness and grade used
 PVA – to controlled elution membrane in the release area because
they are permeable to various lipophilic drugs
 EVA – impermeable to many drugs, thus, commonly used as a
membrane to surround the drug core.
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References
1. Pàmies, P., & Stoddart, A. (2013,
October 23). Materials for drug delivery.
Retrieved from
https://www.nature.com/articles/nmat37
😉
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2. Drug Delivery Systems. (2016,
October). Retrieved from
https://www.nibib.nih.gov/science-
THANKS!
education/science-topics/drug-delivery-
systems

Any questions?

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