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Tanveer Final Presentation
Tanveer Final Presentation
Tanveer Final Presentation
HOD
Dept. Of Electrical Engineering COMSATS
Institute of Information Technology,
Abbottabad, Pakistan.
2
Presentation layout
Research Methodology
Work Flow Diagram
Problem Statement
Literature Review
Simulation Tool
MHO Relay model
Results
References
3
Research Methodology
Stage 1
• Literature survey on MHO relay modeling and distance relays.
Stage 2
• Analyzing Transmission line Model and MHO characteristics
Stage 3
• Learning Simulation Tool (PSCAD).
Stage 4
• Modeling Transmission line and Mho relay characteristic in PSCAD.
Stage 5
• Mho characteristic Analysis in PSCAD.
Stage 6
• Getting Results.
4
Work Flow Diagram
Analyzing MHO
Learning
Literature Survey relay
Simulation tool
characteristic
Applying Fault on
Analyzing Faulty
Transient model Get Results
line in PSCAD
of T-line
5
Problem Statement
The thesis studies the modeling of MHO relay for power
system protection. The aim is to Model the MHO
characteristics and simulate the transmission systems using
PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software. MHO relay is modeled
to identify between fault zones location and study the
effect of resistance on the behavior of modeled MHO
characteristics. Test network used is shown in figure below.
6
Literature
Referenc Considered Model Analysis Done Transmission Simulation Solution
e of line line Length tool Technique
2009 [1] mathematical Distance relays Long EMTP mathematical
model modeling model
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Simulation Tool
Transmission
line
10
MHO relay working principal
The impedance of Transmission Lines is proportional to its
length. A relay capable of measuring the impedance up to a
given point can be used to protect a Transmission Line and is
described as Distance Relay. This is designed to operate only for
faults occurring between the relay location and selected point.
The Relay compares the current flowing and the Voltage at
Relay point. In case of fault on Transmission Line, the current
flowing to fault point increases and the voltage at relay point
decreases. The relay sees this as fall in impedance and if this is
below pre-fixed setting, the relay Operates.
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Zones settings
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Calculating the zones impedance settings
Impedance of 300km line
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Zone 2 sets to back up Mho relay at relay CB1
Zone 2 reach setting = 100% of line A + 50% next line (line B)
=[1x(67.4375<76.33o)]+[0.5x(67.4375<76.33o) ]
= 101.16<76.33o
Set radius of the circle = 101.16/2 = 50.58 Ohm
Zone 3 sets to back up mho relay at relay CB1
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MHO characteristics
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Conductor data and Sag
10m
For Four-conductors
4
𝐷𝐵𝐸 = 𝑟𝑥 . (𝐷𝐵 )2 . 𝐷𝐵 2
Conductor Configurations with equal spacing:
𝐷𝐵𝐸
– 𝐿𝑎 = 2 × 10−7 (H/m)
𝐷𝑠
– Where 𝐷𝐵 is Geometric mean distance.
– 𝐷𝑠 is Geometric mean radius.
– 𝑟𝑥 is radius of conductor
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Simulation Data
Transmission line Data
• Frequency Dependent (Phase) Model.
• Three Conductors with Two Ground.
• 300km Long Line.
• 500kV 50 Hz used.
Faults Applied.
• Single Line to ground fault
• 60km, 20km and 12 km from the location of bus-A, bus-B and bus-C.
• 60 Km from bus-A with fault resistance of 10 Ω and 20
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Single Phase to Ground Fault
Calculations for single line-to-ground
fault
The Voltages and currents at the
point of fault are
𝑉𝑎 = 𝑍𝑓 𝐼𝑎 ,
𝐼𝑏 = 0
𝐼𝑐 = 0
Symmetrical components of current.
𝐼𝑎0 1 1 1 𝐼𝑎= 𝐼𝑓
1
𝐼𝑎+ = 1 𝛼 𝛼 2 𝐼𝑏 = 0
3
𝐼𝑎− 1 𝛼 2 𝛼 𝐼𝑐 = 0
𝐼𝑓
𝐼𝑎0 = 𝐼𝑎+ =𝐼𝑎− =
3
3𝐸𝑎
𝐼𝑎 = 3𝐼𝑎0 =
𝑍0 +𝑍1 +𝑍2 +3𝑍𝑓
20
Single Phase to Ground Fault sequence network
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Simulation Results
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To study the behavior of MHO relay
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Case 1: L-G faults at different distances from the
relay location.
60km
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Zone-1 fault location (at 60 km from bus A)
60km
25
Zone-2 fault location (at 20 km from bus B)
i.e. Rf = 0
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Case 2: Single line to ground fault with fault resistance
10 Ohm
60km
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Zone-1 with fault resistance 10 Ω
10 Ohm
60km
30
Zone-2 with fault resistance 20 Ω
Now if fault resistance is increased from 10 Ω to 20 Ω then zone of fault again
changes from zone 2 to zone3
60km 20 Ohm 31
Conclusions
32
Future Work
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Reference
[1] Abdlmnam A. Abdlrahem, “Modeling of distance relays for Power
Systems Protection”,M.Sc. dissertation, EE&E Dept., Faculty of
Engineering, Al-Fatah University, Fall 2009.
34
[6] H. Dommel, “EMTP Reference Manual,” Bonneville Power
Administration 1986.
[9] Craig Muller, P. Eng. “Power system computer aided design user‟s
guide”, Manitoba HVDC Research Centre, September 2011.
[17] A Phadke and J G Thorp, Computer Relaying for Power Systems, John
Wiley & Sons Inc, 1990, ISBN 0 471 92063 0.
35
[13] Bin Wang, Xinzhou Dong, Zhiqian Bo. “A method of protective relaying
for single-phase to ground fault against the effect of distribution
capacitance current” China Patent, Application No.200610144275.8, Dec.
1, 2006.
[15] Anamika Yadav, A.S. Thoke, “Transmission line fault distance and
direction estimation using artificial neural network , ”, International
Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology Vol. 3, No. 8, pp. 110-121 ,
2012.
[16] Hadi Saadat, “Power system analysis”, 3rd Edition, PSA Publishing,
ISBN 0984543805, 9780984543809
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[17] A.A Abdlrahem and H.H Sherwali, “„Modeling Of Numerical
Distance Relays Using Matlab”, IEEE Symposium on Industrial
Electronics and Applications ISIEA, October 2009.
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Thanks
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