AND

culture
GE TCW. THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD
 discuss various conceptions
of nationalism;
 elaborate different forms of
nationalism;
 explain the interaction
between global politics and
nationalism; and
 evaluate the impact of
contemporary globalization on
nationalism
In an era of globalization
where one witnesses manifold
transformations of local
society, values, and culture,
the idea of nationalism
remains an important element
of the contemporary world that
either holds communities
together or drifts them apart.

Globalization of politics,
economy, and society opens up
opportunities for new forms of
nationalism to emerge.
 Nationalism
• Idea that holds nation-
states together
• Provides cohesiveness
necessary to unify nation-
state

 National identity
• common culture, ethnicity,
language, religion, or
history
 Nationalism can be defined as
ideology, as politics, as
sentiments
• As ideology - political
worldview
• As sentiment - nationalism
shaping people's sense of
identity
• As politics - movement seeking
to form nation-state
 Sources:
• Internal: common culture,
ethnicity, class, or race
• External: global or
regional politics

 Aspects / Forms of
nationalism:
• civic nationalism -
commitment to a state and
its values
• ethnic nationalism -
commitment to a group of
common descent
 Culture
• constitutes an important
source of nationalism
• Sharing the same culture
provides a sense of identity
and belonging
• Culture is inter-subjective,
and is built upon an
awareness of
• common language, ethnicity,
history, religion, and
landscape.
a) Assimilation
- the incorporation and absorption of
different cultures into another
such that there is one dominant
culture
- Model: A + B + C = A
b) Aggregation
- the joining together of different
cultures and coming up of another,
single culture
- Model: A + B + C = D
c)Multiculturalism
- Inclusion and giving equal
recognition and importance of
diverse cultures
- Model: A + B + C = A + B + C
 sovereignty weakened by Cold
War's end, new nation-state
formation, and cultural forms of
globalization
 Relatively recent phenomenon
• French Revolution
• Nationalism became a factor in IR in
late 19th century
 French Revolution
• Popular sovereignty – sovereignty
resides in the people, not in the
monarch
• King Louis XIV – “I am the State.”
• Nationalistic sentiment was unleashed
in the French Revolution
 National self-determination
• Movement after World War I
• Wilson’s Fourteen Points
− Justified right to
national self-
determination
 Nationalism
• Seed for both inter- and intra-
state conflicts
• Interstate wars
− Due to competing national claims
− Secessionism (e.g. Moro
secessionism) and separatist
movements
 Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-
1821)
• Promoted French nationalism
based the ideas of the French
Revolution such as the popular
sovereignty, liberty, and
equality and justified French
expansionism

 Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924)

• Advanced the principle of
national self-determination as
an important goal after WW1
 Adolf Hitler (1889-1945)
• Led the Nazi Party which
promoted German nationalism

 Benito Mussolini (1883-

1945)
• Established the Fascist regime
in Italy that valued
nationalism, militarism, anti-
communism, and anti-liberalism
 Upside:
• Provides the cohesiveness
necessary for the modern
nation-state
• Bonds that hold modern
nation-states

 Downside:
• National self-interest
often excludes the rights
of other nations
• Can be source of
international conflicts
 BAQUIR, NICOLE YVETTE
 COLINA, JOAN MAREA
 DABATOS, RUSELL JHEAN
 DAHUNAN, MERRYLEE
 MENDEZ, STACY ALERTA
 MENESES, DAN ADRIAN
 ONDOY, MARIELLE CHARISSE
 ONG, VALERIE

 BSA – 2
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