Separation & Classification

of
Solids

Christine Boluso
John Paul Cabrera
Separation of solids
A separation process is a method that converts a mixture
or solution of chemical substances into two or more
distinct product mixtures.[

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 SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

• Diffusional separation is a
2 Types of separation technique used for the
separation of homogeneous
mixtures.
DIFFUSIONAL SEPARATION
& • Mechanical separation is
used for the separation of
MECHANICAL SEPARATION heterogeneous mixtures.
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 Sieves
or sifters

• Sieving is a simple
technique for separating
particles of different
sizes.

• Typically using a woven

screen such as a mesh or net
or metal.

Food Industries
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 Mechanical
screening
often just called screening

• Is the practice of taking

granulated ore material and
separating it into multiple
grades by particle size.

• A screening machine consist

of a drive that induces
vibration.

Mining And Mineral Processing

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 Magnetic
separation
• Is a process in which
magnetically susceptible
material is extracted from a
mixture using a magnetic
force

• Two pairs of electromagnets.

Mining , Agriculture, Pharmaceutical, Food, and Recycling

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 Leaching
• Is the process of extracting
substances from a solid by
dissolving them in a liquid,
either naturally or through
an industrial process.

Has A Variety Of Commercial Applications

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CLASSIFICATION OF SOLIDS
is defined as a method sorting an initial distribution of
particles to achieve a desired degree of uniformity,
according to a chosen parameter.

Dry
Classifier •Use gases

Wet
Classifier •Use liquids
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 CLASSIFICATION OF SOLIDS

• Use
Dry
Classifier gases

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 CLASSIFICATION OF SOLIDS

Wet • Use
Classifier liquids

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 CLASSIFIERS

MECHANICAL
• Mechanical classifiers
incorporate moving
parts which influences
the motion of
particles.
NON-MECHANICAL
• Non mechanical
classifiers use fluid
drag only to separate
particles. In terms
of the forces exerted
to particles.

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 MAJOR TYPES
Gravitational

• Gravitational
classifiers are
generally used to
separate very large
particles and are
mostly seen as a pre-
treatment stage.

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 MAJOR TYPES
Centrifugal
• Centrifugal
classifiers is the
possibility of
obtaining fine cut
sizes due to a
high partition
power.

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 DRY CLASSIFICATION
• Dry classification does not need drying and slurry treatment.
• Dry classification uses air as the working medium, it often refers to
air classification.

Classification by elutriation Inertial air classifier

Fluidised bed classifier. Vortex air classifiers

Cross-flow classifiers Rotating wheel classifiers

Cascade air classifier. Circulating air classifiers

Electrostatic classifier

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 DRY CLASSIFICATION

Classification by elutriation

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 DRY CLASSIFICATION

Fluidised bed classifier.

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 DRY CLASSIFICATION

Cross-flow classifiers

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 DRY CLASSIFICATION
• Dry classification does not need drying and slurry treatment.
• Dry classification uses air as the working medium, it often refers to
air classification.

Classification by elutriation Inertial air classifier

Fluidised bed classifier. Vortex air classifiers

Cross-flow classifiers Rotating wheel classifiers

Cascade air classifier. Circulating air classifiers

Electrostatic classifier

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 DRY CLASSIFICATION
• Dry classification does not need drying and slurry treatment.
• Dry classification uses air as the working medium, it often refers to
air classification.

Classification by elutriation Inertial air classifier

Fluidised bed classifier. Vortex air classifiers

Cross-flow classifiers Rotating wheel classifiers

Cascade air classifier. Circulating air classifiers

Electrostatic classifier

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 DRY CLASSIFICATION

Cascade air classifier.

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 DRY CLASSIFICATION

Inertial air classifier

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 DRY CLASSIFICATION

Vortex air classifiers

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 DRY CLASSIFICATION

Rotating wheel classifiers

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 DRY CLASSIFICATION

Circulating air classifiers

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 DRY CLASSIFICATION

Electrostatic classifier

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 WET CLASSIFICATION
• Wet classification refers to the process of separating particulates in
a liquid suspension into fractions according to particle size or
density by methods other than screening.

Sedimentation The
classifier
basic principles of classification
is that fine particles have a slower
settling velocity than coarse
Hydraulic classifiers
particles of same density or light
particles have a slower settling
velocity than heavy particles of same
size. Hydrocyclones

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 WET CLASSIFICATION

Sedimentation classifier

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 WET CLASSIFICATION
Hydraulic classifiers

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 WET CLASSIFICATION

Hydrocyclones

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Thank You!