FILIPINO SOCIAL

THINKERS
INDIGENIZING THE SOCIAL
SCIENCES:
Filipino Social Thinkers
Institute of Philippine Culture’s study
on Philippine values
Sikolohiyang Pilipino
Pantayong Pananaw
4 PICS ONE WORD
JOSE RIZAL
ANDRES BONIFACIO
MANUEL QUEZON
Questions to ponder:
1. What specifically are they known for?
2. How significant are the social ideas of
the presented Filipino Thinkers?
3. Why is there a need for us to
understand their ideas?
 Social Thinker: Jose Rizal
According to Rolando Gripaldo’s work Filipino
Philosophy, Rizal envisioned a utopian society. It
must be pointed out, however, that Rizal never
wrote a book dedicated to this utopian society.
6 Major characteristics of this utopian
society that can be seen in Rizal’s teachings:
1. The Philippine archipelago must be
united as a Filipino nation.
2. The people must be educated in civic
virtues and enlightened in all possible
senses.
3. Schools of sufficient quality and
quantity must be established throughout
the archipelago.
6 Major characteristics of this utopian
society that can be seen in Rizal’s teachings:
4. There must be a common
language for the people.
5. The people must have freedom in
speech, assembly, press, redress
and enjoyment of other human
rights.
6. Filipinos must not only have the
sentiment of nationalism, but must
be able to manifest it.
Social Thinker: Isabelo de los Reyes
Isabelo de los Reyes, a former
journalist, writer and senator of
the Philippines. A journalist by
profession, de los Reyes wrote a
number of works that attacked
the corruption of the Spanish
friars that led to imprisonment by
the Spanish officials.
 Social Thinker: Isabelo de los Reyes
• Father of Filipino Socialism
•Initiated labor strikes against
American business firms
•Founded ‘El Ilocano’
•He organized the first labor union,
Union Obrera Democratica Filipina
•Mother Tongue based Multilingual
Education
Social Thinker: Leonardo Nieva Mercado
One of the most recent
Filipino social thinkers is the
missionary-philosopher
Leonardo Mercado. He has
pioneered the study of
Filipino philosophy and
theology as well as the
unique characteristics of a
rising Filipino society.
 Social Thinker: Leonardo Nieva Mercado
One of the major themes of Mercado’s writings is the unique
Filipino trait of inculturation. His work Inculturation and Filipino
Theology talks about the fundamental trait of Filipinos to
incorporate the religious into their social lives.
 Social Thinker: Andres Bonifacio
Founded Katipunan/KKK.
(Kataastaasan,
Kagalanggalangang Katipunan
ng mga Anak ng Bayan)
His philosophy of revolution was
published in the revolutionary
newspaper , “Kalayaan”
Social Thinker: Andres Bonifacio
Transformed the blood
compact (sandugo) as a
kinship contract.
According to him, a
revolution of war is justified
when there is breach of
contract.
Social Thinker: Manuel Quezon
Political pragmatism & political operation
for an eventual Philippine independence
Political Pragmatism – “one must fight for
a goal but if obstacles towards that goal
are difficult to summon then one must fall
back to an alternative that is better than
nothing provided it’s in the right
direction.”
 Social Thinker: Manuel Quezon
Believed in Social Darwinism –
governments are products of political
struggles for survival.
“Partyless Democracy” – political parties
influence the politician, the people.
Believed in the democratization of
education for all, national language, and
justice.
Equal access to essential raw materials.
Things to ponder:
 Why is there a need for us to
determine the social ideas of our own
thinkers?
 How can these social ideas affect your
perspectives in life?
ACTIVITY: FILIPINO SOCIAL
THINKER
Write/Compose a reflection paper.
Highlight the Filipino thinker you
like the most and justify at least 2
of his social ideas you agree with.