A.

Globalization and
Pluralism: New Challenges
to Ethics

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GLOBALIZATION
 May be defined as the world-wide
integration of government societies,
cultures, social movements, and
financial markets through trade and
the exchange of ideas.
 Anthony Giddens, a British Sociologist
defines Globalization as
“intensification of worldwide
relationships which link distant
localities in such a way that local
happenings are shaped by events
occurring many miles away and vice
versa”.
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PLURALISM
 Is a concept used in many diverse ways,
but, in general terms, it is the
philosophical theory that there is more
than one basic substance or principle,
whether it be the constitution of the
universe, of the mind and body, the
sources of truth, or the basis of
morality.

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 MORAL PLURALISM
 Also known as ETHICAL PLURALISM and
VALUE PLURALISM.
 Is the idea that there can be conflicting
moral views that are each worthy of
respect. It thus, implies that there are some
values which may be equally correct and
fundamental, and yet in conflict with each
other.
 It proposes that in many cases, such
incompatible values may be
incommensurable, in the sense that there is
no objective ordering of them in terms of
importance.
 A mathematical theory rather than a theory
of normative ethics or a set of values in
itself.
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MORAL PLURALISM
 It seems to advocate flexibility when faced with
competing perspectives where it evaluates
issues from various moral standpoints in
deciding and taking action.
 Holds that many moral issues are extremely
complicated. It thus proposes that no single
philosophical approach will always provide all
the answers.
For instance: assume a building is on fire. A woman
has the opportunity to rush inside and save the
children trapped in the burning building. But in
doing this, she may die and leave her own child an
orphan. –a Moral Pluralist would conclude that
there is no definitive way to decide which is the
better course of moral action. Indeed, moral
pluralism declares that it is sometimes difficult to
choose between competing values.
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 Moral Pluralist occupy a middle ground between
“there is only one right answer” as moral absolutists say,
and “there is no wrong answer” as moral relativists claim.
Value-pluralism differs from value-relativism in the sense
that pluralism admits limits to differences, such as when
crucial human needs are transgressed.

Pluralists point out that choices are complex, and

so claim that we must not shy away from the proposition
that values are plural. In short, the claim of pluralism is
that it appears to allow for the complexity and conflict
that is part of our moral experience.

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 The Moral Challenges of Globalization
1. Globalization concentrates wealth in the
hands of a few, while it leaves the
majority in the condition of poverty
(Colado, 2006).
2. Problem of managing the global
environment in order to forestall a global
ecological collapse, a prospect that
threatens humanity with the specter of
annihilation.
3. Loss of democracy, human rights
violations, rapid environmental
degradation, expanding poverty and
inequality, and increased starvation. 8
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 FILINNIALS and MILLENNIALS

FILINNIALS
Term used to denote the Filipino
Millennials

MILLENNIALS
Also known as “Generation Y” or the “Net
Generation”
1970s to early 1980s as starting birth years
and mid 1990’s to early 2000 as ending birth
years.

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 FILINNIALS and MILLENNIALS
FILINNIALS’ GENERATION
 Increased used and familiarity with communications,
media and digital technologies.
Even in the Philippines, millennials upbringing is said
marked by an increased in a liberal approach to politics,
economics, and morality although this claim is disputed.

Seven Basic Traits of MILLENNIALS

• Special
• Sheltered
• Confident
• Team-Oriented
• Conventional
• Pressured
• Achieving
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FILINNIALS and MILLENNIALS

Some psychologist thus consider

Millennials (including Filinnials) to be part of
what is called “Generation Me” instead of
‘Generation We’. (Jean Twenge)

Millennials came of age in time where

the entertainment industry started to be
significantly influenced by the Internet.

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 ETHICAL OUTLOOK and
CULTURAL IDENTITY
 In the United Kingdom, a 2013 poll found that
Millennials were more open-minded than their
parents on controversial topics.
 Some authors describe Millennials approach to
social change as “pragmatic idealism”.
 Millennials are so labeled as the ‘Boomerang
Generation’ or ‘Peter Pan Generation’.
 Generation Y members are very upbeat and
more open to change than older generations.
 Concerning beliefs on ethical issues, most
millennials of every religion, race and ethnicity
support access to affordable contraception
according to a study.
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 The disconnect between Baby
Boomers and Millennials
 Baby Boomers sometimes believe Millennials are entitled and
lazy, but this couldn’t be further from the truth.
 Millennials prioritize things that don’t make sense to Boomers
because their environment has different demands.
 Boomers place a sky-high value on traditional education, a
traditional workplace hierarchy, and some values that seem a
little bit antiquated and out of touch with today’s generation.
 Millennials workers are all about agility, flexibility, and a lot of
freedom in the workplace – a culture that has a lot of
Millennials workers either anticipating or expecting that they
are going to either be fired, let go, or leave a lot of the jobs that
they have as they move throughout their career.
 Boomers were raised on a business culture that revolves around
finding and securing long-term prospects at a single company.
 Millennials workers are much more likely to squeeze every job
opportunity that might give them a chance to level up. 14
 Issues that Causes Moral Friction
between Millennials and their
Parents
1. Pre-marital Sex

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 GROUP 3
Capitle, Joycelyn
Dagarag, Ann Valerie
Funtanilla, Kyna
Odlos, Nathalia
Ogackan, Rho-an