Speed Control of Induction

motors
Speed equation

120 f '
N
P
120 f (1  s )
N
P
 Speed Control
• There are 2 types of speed control of 3 phase
induction machines
– From stator side
i. Variation in supply voltage
ii. Variation in supply frequency
iii. Variation in number of poles
iv. From the rotor side
– From Rotor side
i From the Stator side
ii From the rotor side

3
 Varying rotor resistance
• For wound rotor only
• Speed is decreasing
T
• Constant maximum torque
• The speed at which max R1 < R2 < R3
torque occurs changes R1
nr1< nr2< nr3
R2
• Disadvantages: R3
T
– large speed regulation
– Power loss in Rext – reduce
the efficiency
nr3 nr2 nr1 n ~n n
s NL

4
 Varying supply voltage
• Maximum torque changes
• The speed which at max
torque occurs is constant (at T

max torque, XR=RR/s V1

V decreasing

• Relatively simple method – V2 V1> V2 > V3

nr1> nr2 > nr3
uses power electronics circuit V3

for voltage controller

T
• Suitable for fan type load
• Disadvantages :
– Large speed regulation since ~ nr3 nr2 nr1 n ~n n
s NL
ns

5
 Varying supply voltage and supply frequency

• The best method since

supply voltage and supply T f decreasing
frequency is varied to keep
V/ constant
f
• Maintain speed regulation
• uses power electronics T

circuit for frequency and

voltage controller
n
• Constant maximum torque
nr3 nr2 nr1 nNL1
nNL3 nNL2