An Assessment on the Level of Skills and

Level of Socio-Economic Status of the

Bamboo Furniture Makers in the
Municipality of Tanauan

Undergraduate Thesis
for the Degree of
BACHELOR OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
Leyte Normal University

Amor, Jessica Niña C.

Artiga, Ken Jaysen D.
Batula, Erwil Lou V.
Caalim, Mary Flor T.
Camitoc, Jerico L.
Gique, Maximino Jr.

2019
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

• Kawayan is a general term for all species of

bamboo in the Philippines.

• It is one of the most economically-important

non-timber forest products in the Philippines.

• The lack of knowledge, expertise and skills

and capital investment slows down economic
progress.
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

• Region VIII as per data from Philippine Statistic

Authority (2019) is one of the poorest regions
in the Philippines.

• Tanauan, Leyte is famous to bamboo industry

thereby being popular in furniture making.

• In 1972, the Department of Education provided

bamboo furniture-making training in Tanauan,
Leyte, later on bamboo craft enterprises became
the fastest and major source of income for a
number of Tanauan households.
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

• In 2004, The Canramos bamboo craft industry

in Tanauan ranked among the local economic
development (LED) potential sectors and
communities in the Province of Leyte.

• As one of the livelihood of Tanauanos in

Tanauan, Leyte, for quite a period of time,
there is a need an assessment in terms of their
skills, economic context, the socio-economic
status of the bamboo furniture makers in the
area to be able to create a programs, to provide
training that will help them to lift up their
socio-economic status.
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Levels of Skills Level of socio-

economic status
Beginner
Respondents
Intermediate Low
Expert Middle
High

Hypothesis
HO – There is no relation between level of skills and level of
socio-economic status
HA – There is a relationship between level of skills and level
of socio-economic status
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Functional Theory of Stratification

Dynamic Skill Theory

Instance Theory of Automatization

PROBLEM STATEMENT

This study, along its intent to investigate the

actual levels of competencies and skills of the
bamboo furniture makers of Tanauan, Leyte, is
aimed at understanding the individual portfolios of
the people behind the industry. Specifically, this
study aims to answer the following questions?

1. What is the profile of the bamboo furniture makers, in

terms of
1.1 Age
1.2 Sex
1.3 Marital status
1.4 Educational background
1.5 Income
1.6 Years in the industry
PROBLEM STATEMENT
2. What is the level of skills of the bamboo furniture
makers?
2.1 Beginner
2.2 Intermediate
2.3 Expert

3. What is the level of the socio-economic status of the

bamboo furniture
makers?
3.1 Low
3.2 Middle
3.3 High

4. Is there a significant relationship between the level of

skills and the level of socio-economic status of the bamboo
furniture makers in the Municipality of Tanauan?
OBJECTIVES

This study would like to assess the level of

skills and level socio-economic status of the
bamboo furniture makers.
Specifically, this study opted to determine the
following:

1. To generate data from the demographic profile

of the respondents

2. To determine the level of skills of the bamboo

furniture maker

3. To determine the level of socio-economic status

of the bamboo furniture maker
HYPHOTHESIS

HO – There is no relation between level of skills

and level of socio-economic status

HA – There is a relationship between level of skills

and level of socio-economic status
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

University

Students

Bamboo furniture makers

Local Government Unit

Bamboo Industry of Tanauan, Leyte

Future researchers
SCOPE & LIMITATION

SCOPE
• Level of Skills and Level of Socio-economic
status
• Relationship of level of skills and the level of
socio-economic status of bamboo furniture
makers

LIMITATION
• This study has a limited number of respondents.
• Only bamboo furniture makers in the
Municipality of Tanauan
DEFINITION OF THE TERMS

Bamboo

Bamboo furniture makers

Beginner

Expert

Intermediate

Socio-Economic Status
 RESEARCH
APPROACH &
DESIGN
• Descriptive-Correlational
Design
• Descriptive statistics
utilized data collection
and analysis techniques
• A quantitative survey
approach
 RESEARCH LOCAL
Municipality of Tanauan, Leyte,
Wherein bamboo furniture makers
located in the locality of Tanauan was
the subject and the focus of the study.
STUDY POPULATION & SAMPLE

Stratified Sampling

Formula:
𝑧 2 𝑃𝑄 no
n= nF = n
𝑑2 1+( 0 −1)
N
Where:
N = Total number of bamboo furniture makers
d = Margin error
P = 0.5
Q = 0.5
z = standard confidence levels

Simple Random Sampling

 RESEARCH RESPONDENTS

A total of forty-two (41) bamboo

furniture makers have been taken as
one respondent, only thirty-nine
(39) has been listed to be included in
the sampling process using
Stratified sampling formula and
simple random sampling.
 SAMPLE CRITERIA

 Participate willingly,
 Either male or female,
 Ages ranges 18-60 years old
 RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS

This study utilized questionnaires

to gather the data. The instrument
utilized was self-made and for the
income it was adapted from the
study of Cabactulan, 2016.

Part I
Part II
Demographic
Levels of Skills
profile
 RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY

To test the internal consistency of the

instrument a pilot testing was performed using
variance of Kuder-Richardson or Cronbach’s
Alpha formula.
Each question in the instruments has a goal of
generating the needed data for the study from
which consistency has been taken into
consideration. The researcher carefully
scrutinized each item included in the sampling
instrument to ensure that the needed information
was gathered. To further assure that the
instrument was valid and reliable, it was checked
by an expert.
 ETHICAL CONSIDERATION

 The researcher sent a letter of intent to

authorized government agencies
 Some ethical considerations have been
carried out to protect the right to privacy
of the respondents.
DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

This study utilized a quantitative survey

wherein data were quantified and generated
into numerical form, which was then be
converted and processed into useful
information mathematically.
 DATA ANALYSIS

Descriptive statistical tools were used to come

up with comprehensive and credible results.
The percentage, Spearman Rho, and Pearson R
this parametric mathematical instrument was
utilized to interpret the results from the data
gathered.
Percentage

P=F/N (100)
Where:
P = Percentage
F = Frequency
N = Total number of the respondents
 DATA ANALYSIS

Spearman Rho
𝟔 ( σ 𝒅𝟐 )
rs = 1 -
𝒏 (𝒏𝟐 −𝟏)

Pearson R
𝒏 σ 𝒙𝒚− σ 𝒙 σ 𝒚
roe =
𝒏 σ 𝒙𝟐 − σ 𝒙 𝟐 [ σ 𝒚𝟐 − σ 𝒚 𝟐]
 DATA ANALYSIS

For the level of skills of the respondents,

a checklist was used wherein, the ranges
below were utilized, based from the
statistician.

1–4 Beginner

5–8 Intermediate

9 – 12 Expert
 Part I: Demographic Profile
AGE

71.8%
80.0%
70.0%
60.0%
50.0%
40.0% 25.6%
30.0%
20.0% 2.6%
10.0%
0.0%
18 - 24 25 - 44 45 - 60
 Part I: Demographic Profile
SEX

90%
80% 90%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10% 10%
0%
Male
Female
 Part I: Demographic Profile
MARITAL STATUS
74%

18%

8%
0
 Part I: Demographic Profile
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Elementary Graduate
High School Graduate
College Graduate
Entered but haven’t finished elementary
Entered but haven’t finished high school
Earned college units
Others (ALS GRADUATE)
36%

21%
10% 15%
5% 10%

3%
 Part I: Demographic Profile
MONTHLY INCOME
90%

90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
5% 5%
20%
10%
0%
Below P9, 000 P9, 000 – 18, More than 18,
000 000
 Part I: Demographic Profile
YEARS IN INDUSTRY

33%

26%

21%
18%

0% 3%
2 to 6 7 to11
years years 12 to 16 17 to 21
years 22 - 26
years 27 to 31
years
years
Part II: Level of Skills

Beginner Intermediate Expert

5%
18%

77%
 Part III: Level of Socio-Economic
Below 9,000 Low Level

9,000 – 18, 000 Middle Level

More than 18,000 High Level

90%

5%
5%

Low SES
Middle SES
High SES
 Part IV: Significant relationship between the level of skills
and the level of socio-economic status of the bamboo
furniture makers.

Spearman Rho Pearson r

Spearman Rho Result 0.36 Pearson r Result 0.30

Two tailed hypothesis 0.05 Two tailed hypothesis 0.05

d.f 37 d.f 37

Critical Value 0.114 Critical Value 0.114

Computed value (t) 2.35 Spearman Rho Result 12.19

Since the computed value (t) is greater than the critical value 0.114
with d.f 37 at 0.05 two tailed. The null hypothesis is rejected.
Therefore, there is a relationship between level of skills and level of
socio-economic status but it is low or weak positive relationship.
 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

1. Male respondents were dominant and

most of them were already married. Their
ages are ranging from 25 years old up to 44
years old and most of them are high school
graduate. Their monthly income is below
nine thousand pesos (₱9,000). Most of the
bamboo furniture makers have been in the
industry for about seventeen (17) to twenty-
one (21) years.
 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

2. Among all the respondents, thirty (30)

out of thirty-nine respondents, 77% belong
to expert level, while seven (7) out of thirty-
nine, 18% belong to intermediate level, and
the remaining (2) out of thirty-nine 5%
belong to beginner level.
 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

3. Thirty-four (35) out of thirty-nine, 90% belong to

the low level of socio-economic status, while three
(2) out of thirty-nine, 5% belong to middle level of
socio-economic status, while the remaining two (2)
out of thirty-nine, 5% belong to high level of socio-
economic status.

4. The null hypothesis was rejected however,

alternative hypothesis was accepted.

5. There is a significant relationship between level

of skills and level of socio-economic status but their
relationship is low or weak.
 CONCLUSION

1. Most of the furniture maker’s age is in

between 25 to 44, most of them are
married and dominant are men. There are
women but their assigned task is for
beginners and they usually helped their
husband in doing so. They have been in the
industry for about seventeen (17) to
twenty-one (21) years because they have
learned it from their parents and ancestors.
 CONCLUSION

2. The majority of the respondents are

already in the expert level in traditional
way and they do not have appropriate
training and access to modern tools and
machinery.

3. Majority of the respondents belong to

the low level of socio-economic status
their income belongs to low level which is
9,000 below. This is because some of the
furniture makers can sell at least three sets
a month.
 CONCLUSION

4. There is a significant relationship

between the level of skills and level of
socioeconomic status but it is low/weak,
which means, the level of skills is already
expert but their socioeconomic is still low.
 RECOMMENDATION

1. Trainings on bamboo furniture making

sponsored by the local government
unit on skills enhancements for both
men and women.

2. Financial aid should also be given to

them to have an access to modern tools
and machinery. Proper usage of
modern tools and machinery should be
taught respectively.
 RECOMMENDATION

3. Bamboo furniture makers may add

another source of income in order to level
up their socioeconomic status.

4. Aside from providing trainings, the

bamboo furniture makers should work
faster on their production process with
quality to level up their income. If the
production is faster there’s a big tendency
that their income will level up.
THANK YOU 