Triangles

A triangle is a polygon with three sides.

 Classifying Triangles
We name a triangle using its vertices.
B

For example,

C
∆ABC ∆ACB
A
∆BAC ∆BCA
∆CAB ∆CBA
 Opposite Sides and Angles
We say that BC is opposite A .
B

What is opposite C ?
C

A
What is opposite of CA ?
Triangles can be classified by their
Sides Angles
• Scalene • Acute
• Isosceles • Right
• Equilateral • Obtuse
• Equiangular
Equilateral Triangle
A triangle in which all 3 sides are equal
B

m AB = 7.00 cm m BC = 7.00 cm

A
m AC = 7.00 cm
C
 Isosceles Triangle
A triangle in which at least 2 sides are equal

m AB = 5.51 cm m BC = 5.51 cm

A C
m AC = 7.90 cm
 Scalene Triangle
A triangle in which all 3 sides are different lengths

m AB = 4.65 cm m BC = 6.60 cm

A
m AC = 8.21 cm C
Acute Triangle
A triangle in which all 3 angles are less than 90˚
B
mCBA = 78 °

A mBCA = 58 °
mBAC = 44 °
Right Triangle
A triangle in which exactly one angle is 90˚
B
mCBA = 90 °

C
mBCA = 55 °

A
mBAC = 35 °
Obtuse Triangle
A triangle in which exactly one angle is greater than 90˚and
less than 180˚

B
mCBA = 119 °
C

mBCA = 40 °

A
mBAC = 21 °
 Equiangular Triangle
A triangle in which all 3 angles are the same measure.
B
mCBA = 60 °

A
C
mBAC = 60 ° mBCA = 60 °
 Angles
When the sides of a polygon are extended, other angles
are formed. The inside/original angles are the interior angles.
The adjacent/outside angles that form linear pairs
with the interior angles are the exterior angles.
Interior angles
1
<1, <2, <3

2 3 4

5
6
Exterior angles
<4, <5, <6
TRIANGLE INVESTIGATION
 Triangle Sum Theorem
The sum of the interior angles in a triangle is 180˚.

40

60 80
Example:

Find the value of x.

2x

3x
x
EXTERIOR TRIANGLE INVESTIGATION
 Exterior Angle Theorem
The measure of the exterior angle of a triangle is equal to
the sum of the measures of the remote interior angles.

A
Remote Interior
Angles Exterior Angle

B
C D

mACD  mA  mB

Example:
Find the value of x.

70

(2x+10)
x
 Corollary
Definition:
A corollary to a theorem is a statement that
can be proven easily using another theorem.
 Third Angle Corollary
If two angles in one triangle are congruent to two
angles in another triangle, then the third angles are
congruent.
 Equiangular Corollary
Each angle in an equiangular triangle is 60˚.
Right Angle Corollary
There can be at most one right or
obtuse angle in a triangle.
Acute Corollary
Acute angles in a right triangle are
complementary.