Rizal’s Family Tree

BIRTH OF A HERO
• June 19, 1861 – Rizal was born
• June 22, 1861 – Rizal was baptized
• Father Rufino Collantes – baptized Rizal
• Father Pedro Casanas – Rizal’s godfather
 RIZAL’S BIG HEAD?

One of Rizal’s most Rizal as a young man

famous photos
The 11-year old Rizal
RIZAL’S FAMILY
Francisco Mercado Rizal

• Rizal’s father
• Born on May 11, 1818
• Studied Latin and Philosophy
at the College of San Jose
• Became a tenant in Calamba
Francisco Mercado Rizal

• Died on January 5,
1898 at the age of 80
Teodora Alonso Realonda
• Rizal’s mother
• Born on November 8, 1826
• Studied at the College of
Santa Rosa
• Died on August 26, 1911 at
the age of 85
 RIZAL’S SIBLINGS

Saturnina,1850 Paciano,1851 Narcisa,1852

 RIZAL’S SIBLINGS

Olimpia,1855 Lucia,1857 Maria,1859

 RIZAL’S SIBLINGS

Jose,1861 Concepcion,1862 Josefa,1865

 RIZAL’S SIBLINGS

Trinidad,1868 Soledad,1870
RIZAL’S ANCESTRY
 RIZAL’S ANCESTRY using Zaide’s
account
• Rizal was called “The Great Malayan”
• actually had Negrito, Malay, Chinese,
• Japanese and Spanish blood
• Predominantly, he was a Malayan
 PATERNAL SIDE
• Domingo Lamco
– Rizal’s great-great-grandfather
– A Chinese immigrant from Fukien city
– Arrived in Manila in about 1690
– Was baptized, married Ines dela Rosa
– Took the surname “Mercado” in 1731
 PATERNAL SIDE
• Francisco Mercado
– Son of Domingo and Ines
– Rizal’s great-grandfather
– Married Cirila Bernacha
– Resided in Biñan, Laguna
– Was elected gobernadorcillo of Biñan
 PATERNAL SIDE
• Juan Mercado
– Son of Francisco and Cirila
– Rizal’s grandfather
– Married Cirila Alejandro
– Was also elected gobernadorcillo for three
times
– Had thirteen children
 PATERNAL SIDE
• Francisco Mercado
– Youngest son of Juan and Cirila
– Rizal’s father
– Lost his father at the age of 8
– Married Teodora
– Settled in Calamba, Laguna
– Engaged in farming and business
 MATERNAL SIDE
• Lakandula
– last king of Tondo (? On his connection)
• Eugenio Ursua
– Teodora’s great-grandfather
– Was of Japanese ancestry
– Married to Benigna (a Filipina)
 MATERNAL SIDE
• Regina
– Daughter of Eugenio and Benigna
– Married Atty. Manuel de Quintos
• Brigida
– Daughter of Regina and Atty. Quintos
– Married Alberto Alonso
– Had five children
 THE RIZAL SURNAME
• In 1731, Domingo Lamco adopted the
surname “Mercado” (market)
• In 1849, Gov. Gen. Claveria ordered all
Filipinos to adopt Spanish surnames
• Francisco adopted the surname “Rizal”
• Was suggested by the provincial governor,
who was a family friend
 THE RIZAL SURNAME
• Originally “Ricial”
• In Spanish, it means “green fields”
• Prophetic according to Leon Ma. Guerrero: “a
field where wheat, cut while still in green,
sprouts again.”
• Only Jose used the surname Rizal until 1891
THE RIZAL FAMILY:
A PRINCIPALIA
 A MIDDLE CLASS FAMILY
• The Rizal family belonged to the principalia-
wealthiest or society’s elite
• Qualifications:
• Had a large stone house (bahay na bato)
• Owned a carjuahe (carriage)
 Qualifications
• Had a private library with more than 1,000 books
• Sent their children to colleges in Manila
• Each child has an aya
• Posses hectares of land(Hacienda)
 Their Privileges
1. They can run and vote for the town mayor
2. They collected taxes
3. They can travel freely without restrictions
4. They can hold a position in a government office
5. They had the preference in town church and town
hall, in civic and religious processions
 THE RIZAL HOUSE
• A two-storey
building
• Built of adobe stones
and hard woods
• Roofed with red tiles

The rebuilt Rizal house

Field trip?!!!!....tara biyahe
tayo!!!...sa pictures
The famous landmark of Calamba, the gigantic jar which has
all the Calamba towns written on its surface.
The back of the Rizal house, then and now.
The grand staircase that
leads to the main hall
of the house
The original karwahe
(carriage) of the Rizal
family, still intact
after all these years.
“Aanhin mo pa ang
karwahe kung patay
na ang kabayo”
The living room
The comida or the dining room
The main dining room
The platera
The cocina or kitchen
Jose Rizal's bedroom.
The family well located
at the back of the
house
A most important seat in the house
A replica of Pepe’s little nipa playhouse
• Mga damit nila..
 HOME LIFE OF THE RIZALS
• The Rizal family had a simple, contented and
happy life
• Believed in the maxim “Spare the rod and spoil
the child”
• Everyday, the family heard Mass
• Prayed together the Rosary and Angelus daily
EARLY CHILDHOOD MEMORIES
AND
EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA
• Calamba is indeed, the cradle of genius

• “Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo”

( In Memory of My Town )
- the first poem written by Rizal when
he was 15
 IN MEMORY OF MY TOWN
(Kalamba – Laguna)

When I recall the days

That saw my childhood of yore
Beside the verdant shore
Of a murmuring lagoon;
When I remember the sighs
Of the breeze that on my brow
Sweet and caressing did blow
With coolness full of delight;
When I look at the lily white
Fills up with air violent
And the stormy element
On the sand doth meekly sleep;
When sweet 'toxicating scent
From the flowers I inhale
Which at the dawn they exhale
When at us it begins to peep;
I sadly recall your face,
Oh precious infancy,
That a mother lovingly
Did succeed to embellish.
I remember a simple town;
My cradle, joy and boon,
Beside the cool lagoon
The seat of all my wish.
Oh, yes! With uncertain pace
I trod your forest lands,
And on your river banks
A pleasant fun I found;
At your rustic temple I prayed
With a little boy's simple faith
And your aura's flawless breath
Filled my heart with joy profound
Saw I God in the grandeur
Of your woods which for centuries stand;
Never did I understand
In your bosom what sorrows were;
While I gazed on your azure sky
Neither love nor tenderness
Failed me, 'cause my happiness
In the heart of nature rests there.
Tender childhood, beautiful town,
Rich fountain of happiness,
Of harmonious melodies,
That drive away my sorrow!
Return thee to my heart,
Bring back my gentle hours
As do the birds when the flow'rs
Would again begin to blow!
But, alas, adieu! E'er watch
For your peace, joy and repose,
Genius of good who kindly dispose
Of his blessings with amour;
It's for thee my fervent pray'rs,
It's for thee my constant desire
Knowledge ever to acquire
And may God keep your candour!
HIS FIRST SORROW
The death of his sister
Concepcion…she was 3 when
she died.
“For the first time I wept tears of
love and grief, for until then I had
only shed them out of a
stubbornness which my loving
and prudent mother knew well
how to correct.”
I. Early Education in Calamba
• “She taught me how to read
and say haltingly the humble
prayers which I fervently to
God”
-His father Francisco kept an old
man Leon Monroy in the family for
many months for the purpose of
teaching the boy the beginnings of
Latin

*Maestro Celestino and Maestro

Lucas Padua
- private tutors at home
 *at the age of 5
- he began to draw with his pencil and mould
in wax or clay any object
- he has painting ability
- he’s good in playing magic tricks
and skills in manipulating puppets
 *when he was about 6 years old
-his sisters laughed at him while
spending so much time making those
images rather than participating in their
games. He told them:
“all right laugh at me now! Someday when I
die, people will make monuments and images of
me!”
 *Father Leoncio Lopez
-whom Rizal paid a beautiful
tribute (in “Noli Me Tangere”)
II. The Story of the Moth
• “ See that you do not behave
like the little young moth.
Don’t be disobedient, or you
may get burnt as it did?”
III. Early Education in Biñan
-Rizal described his teacher as “tall, thin, long-
necked man, with sharp nose and body bent
slightly forward”
-Rizal’s school days in
Biñan was remarkable.
 Juancho
-an old painter who owned
a shop (painting), where
Rizal learned painting
- he gave Rizal lessons in
drawing and paintings.
IV. Literary
Talents
 -AT THE AGE OF 8
-Rizal wrote a poem in Tagalog entitled

“Sa Aking mga Kabata”

(To My Fellow Children)

I as an appeal to his countrymen to love their

national language.
Kapagka ang baya’y sadyang umiibig
Sa kanyang salitang kaloob ng langit,
Sanglang kalyaan nasa ring masapit
Katulad ng ibong nasa himpapawid
Ang hindi magmahal sa kanyang salita
Mahigit sa hayop at malansang isda
Kaya ang marapat payamaning kusa
Na tulad sa inang tunay na nagpala
Ang wikang Tagalog tulad din sa Latin
Sa ingles, Kastila at salitang Anghel
Sapagkat ang Poong maalam tumingin
Ang siya’y naggawad, nagbigay sa atin
Ang salita nati’y huwad
din sa iba
Na may alfabeto at
sariling letra,
Na kaya’y nawala’y
dinatnan ng sigwa
Ang lunday sa lawa noong
dakong una.
V. First Taste of
Injustice
Rizal’s Mother: A victim of injustice

• The tragic incident happened in the family

• -when his mother Doña Teodora was
arbitrarily arrested on a malicious charge
that she allegedly aided her brother-Jose
Alberto, in trying to poison Alberto’s wife
The Guardia Civil forced Doña Teodora
to walk in barefoot nearly fifty kilometers
over a rough road to the prison at Sta.
Cruz
 VI. Awakening of Jose
Rizal’s Concept
on Love of Country
• Jose found his brother
Paciano distracted over a
ghastly tragedy
- the execution of the
GOMBURZA
Paciano Mercado y Alonzo
Realonda
 -GOMBURZA were sentenced to
death by means of GARROTE on
February 17, 1872, at Bagumbayan, Manila
-it was indeed an “age of ideas”
“Had it not been for the events of 1872, Rizal would have
been a Jesuit!”

-(GOMBURZA stands for the names of the

three Filipino Priests:
*Fathers Mariano Gomez
*Jose Apolonio Burgos
*Jacinto Zamora
Fr. Burgos,was an inspiration to
Paciano.

“the most popular professor in

the university.”
• References:
• Zaide, G Jose. Rizal’s Life works and
Writings
• Guerrero, L . The First Filipino. Page 3-33
• “Rizal’s Own Story” by Austin Craig 5-51
• Images
• Google images
• anonymous