Scope of Nursing

Practices Topics
BSN1CNS #0
 Physical

Environmental Intellectual

SEVEN
COMPONENTS
Spiritual OF WELLNESS Social

Emotional Occupational
Primary Secondary

Tertiary Rehabilitation
ILLNESS
Refers to a highly personal state in which the person’s
physical, emotional intellectual, social, developmental or
spiritual functioning is thought to be diminished. It is not
synonymous with disease and may or may not be related
to disease (can be describe as an alteration in body
function resulting in reduction of capacities or shortening
of normal life span).
 Includes all practices designed to keep health
problems from developing. This includes following
recommended childhood immunization schedules,
eating calcium-rich foods to prevent osteoporosis,
and non-smoking to prevent lung cancer.
 Refers to early detection, screening, diagnosis
and intervention, to reduce the consequence of a
health problem. Screening for TB, and performing
breast examination are both examples.
 Refers to caring for a person who already has a
health problem, and is treated after symptoms
appeared to prevent further progression.
Ex: taking antibiotics for an ear infection should
eliminate the infection.
 An important aspect of tertiary prevention refers
to preventing deterioration of a person’s
condition and minimizing the loss of function.
Ex. Providing ROM exercises to a client who has had
a stroke to encourage circulation and maintain
function of extremities.
Vision
A society in which
all people live long,
healthy lives.
Overarching Goals
Attain high-quality, longer
lives free of preventable
disease, disability, injury,
and premature death.
Create social and physical
environments that promote
good health for all.
Achieve health equity,
eliminate disparities, and
improve the health of all
groups.
Promote quality of life,
healthy development, and
healthy behaviors across all
life stages.
RESTORING HEALTH
 Focuses on the ill client
and extends from early
detection of disease through
helping the client during the
recovery period
 Nursing activities includes the following:

1. Providing direct care to the ill person, such as administrating

medications, baths and specific procedures and treatments.

2. Performing diagnostic and assessments procedures such as

measuring BP and examining fecea for occult blood.

3. Consulting with other health care professionals about client

problems.
4. Teaching clients about recovery activities such as
exercise that will accelerate recovery like for example
after a stroke
5. Rehabilitating clients to their optimal functional level
following physical or mental illness, injury or chemical
addiction.
CARING FOR DYING
 INTRODUCTION

Life begin with birth and ends with death. clients

death is often viewed as personal failure on the part of
health personnel. The family turns to the nurse for
support and assistance. To provide effective care nurse
must have reconciled his or her own feelings about
death and must understand the phases of grieving &
dying and should be able to recognize their
manifestations.
• Dying is a process involving the cessation
or gradual deterioration of physical,
psychological, social and spiritual life on
earth. The dying process is the transition
that a person goes through that
ultimately ends in death.
 Death will come to all people at some time.
caring allows the patient to die with dignity. an
important aspect of patient care is to the patient sense
of identity & self esteem. every person has the right to
die with dignity.
 MEETING THE NEEDS OF
DYING INDIVIDUAL

 Assessing needs
 Explaining the clients condition and treatment
 Maintaining good communication
 Promoting self care & Self Esteem
 Allowing family members to assists in care.
 Meeting clients needs.
 Physiological needs
 Psychological needs
 Spiritual needs
 Nurses are obliged to provide comprehensive and
compassionate care on dying persons and recognizing when
death is near and conveying this information to families.
Nurses should also collaborate with other members of the
health care team to ensure optimal symptom management
and to provide support for the patient and family.

Nurses and other health care providers have a

responsibility to establish decision-making processes that
reflect physiologic realities, patient preferences, and the
recognition of what, clinically, may or may not be
accomplished.
• Establishing goals of care for dying persons from health care
providers may also provide a framework of an arrangement
about what care should be given like;
• a) primary palliative care so that all health care providers
have basic knowledge of palliative nursing in order to improve
the care of dying persons and families.
• b) possesses basic skills recognizing and managing symptoms,
including pain, dyspnea, nausea, constipation for example.
• c) collaborate with other health care teams and mostly
especially with the dying person’s attending physician to
ensure families being advised of the current health condition
of dying persons.
Guidance and support on families of dying persons
should always be felt for comfort and the
recognizing dying persons’ well-being regardless of
the health condition comprises psychological,
interpersonal, and spiritual dimensions between
health providers and families of dying persons.
 • Avila Kate Nicole
• Bernardo Dhana
• Binas Rhobee Anne
• Mananggit Kenneth
• Supilanas Monica
• Fontiveros Kyle
• Bermus Gabriel
• Lim Willard
• Ty Derek
• Victor Ralph
 REFERENCES
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/
PMC1393748/pdf/jphysiol01486-0070.pdf