Medical Image Analysis System to Detect Skin Diseases

(Impetigo,Melanoma,Diabetic Foot Ulcer & Seborrheic Dermatitis)

Based on
Texture Features Using Image Processing Technology

Our Team Our Supervisor

Nadia Hossain (16.01.04.024) Mr. Nazmus Sakib
Tanjila Broti (16.01.04.033) Assistant Professor,
Sikder Rituparna (16.01.04.038) Department of CSE,
Anika Siddika (16.01.04.110) AUST.

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 Introduction
Skin diseases are reported to be the most common disease in humans among all
age groups but diagnosis of skin disease is seen to be difficult, due to the
orthodox approaches. In recent times, artificial intelligence has been applied to
enhance computer vision applications to permit easy detection of patterns in
images.

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 Introduction

Fig-1 Fig-2
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 Introduction
Work on
95% Nevus Psoriasis
Impetigo and
Diabetic Foot
Ulcer
Dermatophytosis Melanoma

Nevus Keratosis Acne Eczema

Accuracy LOW
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 The Four Diseases

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 Steps of our proposed system

Step 01: Step 02: Step 03: Feature Step 04:

Pre- Processing Segmentation Extraction Classification

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 Literature Review

Figure 3: The identification process of skin diseases.

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 Literature Review
Serial No. Name
[1] Skin Disease Recognition
Method Based on Image Color
and Texture Features
[2] Skin Lesion Analysis Toward
Melanoma Detection: A
Challenge at the 2017
International Symposium on
Biomedical Imaging (Isbi)
[3] Automating Skin Disease
Diagnosis Using Image
Classification
[4] A Real Time Image analysis
System to Detect Skin Diseases Dermatophytes. The accuracy of it is 90%. By this paper we get the idea of automated
[5] Digital Dermatology Skin
Disease Detection Model using
Image Processing
26.01.20
Description and scope
The work was on detecting the image of skin where the Partial Differentiation
Equation (PDE) had been used. By the color feature and text feature the
recognition rate can reach to 90% and more. For skin disesase detection color
feature is very much important.
The work was on developing algorithms for automated diagnosis of melanoma, the
most lethal skin cancer, Thresholded Jaccard, Balanced Thresholded Jaccard,
multipartition test sets etc had been used. The better capture of the proportion of
segmentation failures. Alongside accuracy for signicant changes in participant
ranking versus other metrics. An effective way to differentiate the ability of
algorithms to generalize.
PSL images analysis based on texture and morphological features of the images.
Maximization of the large availability of ubiquitous devices and elicitation of past skin
cancer diagnosis
A method for automatic prevention and detection of Psoriasis, Melanoma,
skin disease system.
A novel method where a patient can self-diagnose using a mobile phone in rural areas.
By inputing an image the disease can be recognized. By providing a feasible solution
for skin disease detection it gives up to 80% efficiency. Digital System gives better
result in diagnosing than analog system.
Skin Disease Detection 8
 Literature Review
Serial No. Name
[6] Automated System for
Prediction of Skin Disease
using Image Processing and
Machine Learning
[7] Skin Disease Recognition
Using Texture Analysis
[8] Dermatological Disease
Detection Using Image
Processing and Machine
Learning
[9] Dermatological disease
diagnosis using color-skin
images
[10] Comparison of machine
learning algorithm for skin
disease classification using
color and texture features
[11] An IntelligentSystem to
Diagnosis the Skin Disease
26.01.20
Description and scope
Determining skin disease (Psoriasis and Acne) based on symptoms using KNN algorithms and
also using color and texture features. Out of 5 skin diseases used, the detection rate of Eczema
and Psoriasis 92.5% and 91.6% respectively. Texture Feature analysis with Machine Learning
can give much better result than any methods.
An automated detection of three classes of skin diseases (Eczema, Impetigo, and Psoriasis) by
analyzing textures and obtained from a collection of medical images based on Gray Level Co
occurrence Matrix (GLCM). Overall performance is calculated in terms of 80% accuracy, 71.4% of
sensitivity and 87.5% of specificity. GLCM had been used for getting more appropriate result in
detecting skin disease.
The work was divided into two phases (computer vision and machine learning). Identification of
skin diseases with accuracies of up to 95%. When image processing and Machine Learning are
combined then the accuracy rate grows so high.
An automated dermatological diagnostic system. Diseased skin detection accuracy of 95.99%
and disease identification accuracy of 94.016%. Color skin images give advantage for detecting
skin disease accurately.
Comparison of K-means clustering and marker controlled watershed algorithm with Fuzzy C-
means clustering and marker controlled watershed algorithm. Integration of K-means clustering
with marker controlled watershed algorithm gave better segmentation.
An analysis of people’s behavior and emotion were done for detecting skin diseases. Obtaining
some parameter value through active contour method of infected skin disease like acne and
psoriasis. Parameter values are good for analyzing skin disease symptoms properly.
Skin Disease Detection 9
 Background Study
 Causes of skin diseases

• Sun burn
• UV radiation
• Dust and fumes
• Germs
• Stress
• Uncleanliness

 Differences between the diseases [12]

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 Background Study
 Pre-processing part:
• Noise removal [7]
• Edge detection [7]
• Shaping of edge [7]
• Brightness - Contrast enhancement [11]
• Hair removal [11]
• Cropping or resizing [11]

 Segmentation part:
• Watershed Algorithm [18]
• K-Means Algorithm [18]

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 Motivation

• All the systems developed till now has a maximum accuracy of 95%. So,
we want to develop a system that can increase the accuracy of
diagnosis for multiple skin diseases.
• Furthermore, there are lot of works on detecting similar types of
diseases (similarity based on color, shape etc.) but not on different
diseases.
• There are few works on Impetigo and Diabetic Foot Ulcer diseases.

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 Proposal
Tools Used Description
Matlab has been used mainly to code and run our experiment. MATLAB(matrix
laboratory) is a multi-paradigm numerical computing environment and proprietary
programming language developed by MathWorks. The GUIDE helped to design a
Software beautiful GUI using which we can show the segmented, binary images, markers,
regional maxima beautifully.

Matlab version R2018a has been run on HP ProBook having processor: Intel Core i5,
8GB RAM, 1TB Hard Disk, Graphics processor: Intel Integrated HD Graphics 620,
Hardware Display: 11- inch Resolution 1366x768 pixels.

We have total collected 5279 images of Melanoma, 1048 images of Diabetic Foot Ulcer,
394 of Impetigo and 519 of Seborrheic Dermatitis. We want to collect more real time
Dataset images from hospitals near our houses where there are patients of these four diseases.

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Input Images Pre-processing Segmentation Comparison
(Resizing, Contrast
(K-Means algorithm,
Enhancement, Histogram (Jaccard
Otsu Thresholding and
Analysis and
marker controlled Index and
Comparison, Waterbag or
Watershed algorithm Dice
Pus Validation, Boundary
with clustering
Regioning, Hair Noise
Removal)
separately) coefficient)

Output (Classification)
Performance
Feature
Measurement Classification
Extraction
(Accuracy, AUC - ( L-SVM, NL- ( GLCM ,
ROC curve, Log
SVM, KNN) Parametric
Loss, F1 score, MAE,
Statistics, IQA)
MSE)
Figure 4: A flowchart of our proposed system
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 Implementation
Pre-processing
Input image Input image

Contrast enhanced image Histogram

image

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 Implementation
Input image Pre-processing Input image

Boundary Regioning Waterbag or Pus validation

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 Implementation
Pre-processing
Salt-and-pepper noise added Median filtering

Edge based segmentation

Bilateral filtering
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 Implementation
Pre-processing
Diabetic Ulcer
Dermatitis
Impetigo
Melanoma

Figure 5: Comparison and analysis of histogram for different diseases

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 Implementation
Pre-processing

Figure 6: ( a ) The GUI for removal of hair noises ( b ) Before removal of hairs using Dull Razor
Algorithm ( c ) After removal of hairs
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 Implementation
Gray image Pre-processing Closing operation

Median filtering Bilateral filtering

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 Implementation Background marker
Marker-controlled Watershed Algorithm
Regional Maxima
Foreground marker

Input image Markers and object boundaries superimposed

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 Implementation

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 Implementation
Marker-controlled Watershed Algorithm

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 Implementation
Input image Otsu Thresholding

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 Implementation
K-Means Algorithm with Otsu Thresholding
Input image

K-Means Algorithm with 5 clusters

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 Implementation

Comparison of segmentation processes by Jaccard index

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 Implementation

Comparison of segmentation processes by Dice Coefficient

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 Experimental Results

Figure 7: The main GUI

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 Experimental Results

Figure 8: The sub GUIs

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 Experimental Results
Pre-processing

Seborrheic Dermatitis Diabetic Foot Ulcer Impetigo Melanoma

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 Experimental Results

Seborrheic Dermatitis Diabetic Foot Ulcer

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 Experimental Results

Impetigo Melanoma
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 Experimental Results

Seborrheic Dermatitis Diabetic Foot Ulcer Impetigo Melanoma

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 Experimental Results

Seborrheic Dermatitis Impetigo Melanoma Diabetic Foot Ulcer

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 Experimental Results

Impetigo Seborrheic Dermatitis Diabetic Foot Ulcer Melanoma

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 Experimental Results
Seborrheic
Dermatitis

Diabetic Foot
Ulcer

Impetigo

Melanoma

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 Implementation

 K-Means Algorithm

 Otsu Thresholding

 Marker-controlled Watershed Algorithm

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 Limitations
 Image quality

 Lack of medical images of Impetigo and Seborrheic

Dermatitis

 Poor PC configuration

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 Input Images
Future Work
Pre-processing Segmentation Comparison
(Resizing, Contrast (K-Means algorithm, Otsu
Enhancement, Histogram
Thresholding and marker
(Jaccard Index
Analysis and Comparison,
Waterbag or Pus Validation,
controlled Watershed and Dice
algorithm with clustering
Boundary Regioning, Hair
separately)
coefficient)
Noise Removal)

Output (Classification)
Performance Feature
Measurement Classification Extraction
(Accuracy, AUC - ( L-SVM, NL- (GLCM,
ROC curve, Log
SVM, KNN ) Parametric
Loss, F1 score, MAE,
MSE) Statistics, IQA)
Figure 9: A flowchart of our proposed system
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 Advantages of Our Proposed System
 Detection of diseases with more accuracy

 Helpful for medical specialists in remote area

 Helpful for patients in remote area

 Patients with transparent ideas about diseases

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 Conclusion
Skin disease detection
system

Add image recognition model,

2.Analysis uploaded improve accuracy
image

1.Upload image to 3.Analysis result

cloud

Possibble disease score

Melanoma .86

impetigo .11

Seborrheic Dermatitis .02

Remote area doctor shortage Diabetic Foot Ulcer .01

Doctor’s visit to patient Support for medical specialist

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 Thank you!

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 References:
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[13] “Differences of seborrheic dermatitis and impetigo.” https://www.ncbi.nlm..nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2642512/.
Accessed: 2019-12-29.
[14] “Differences of seborrheic dermatitis and melanoma.” https://www. medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320742.php.
Accessed: 2019-12-29.
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conditions/melanoma/symptoms-causes/
syc-20374884. Accessed: 2019-12-29.
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