Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 40

FIRE EXTINGUISHER TRAINING

CORPORATE SAFETY TRAINING


OSHA 29 CFR 1910.157

WELCOME
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 Discuss How Fires are Initiated.
 Discuss How Fires are Classified.
 Discuss Extinguisher Responsibilities.
 Discuss How to Extinguish Small Fires.
 Discuss How to Use a Portable Fire Extinguisher.
 Discuss How to Inspect a Portable Fire Extinguisher.
 Discuss How to Identify the Proper Fire Extinguisher.
BASIS FOR THIS COURSE
 Employers are Responsible for Employee Safety.
 Fire is One of the Most Common Industrial Accidents.
 3 Billion Dollars Per Year Are Lost Due to Fire.
 300 Workers Per Year Lose Their Lives Due to Fire.
 Training Greatly Lessens the Probability of Fire.
 This Training Helps Improve:
 Safety
 Morale ACME FIRE

 Productivity EXTINGUISHER

 Employee well-being
WHY WE NEED
FIRE EXTINGUISHER TRAINING

Over 150 Major Fires Occur in Workplaces on an


Annual Basis. Fire Is the Third Leading Cause of
Accidental Deaths in the United States. OSHA 29
CFR 1910.157 (Portable Fire Extinguishers and
Their Use) Requires That "Employers Shall Provide
Portable Fire Extinguishers and Shall Mount,
Locate, and Identify Them So That They Are
Readily Accessible to Employees Without
Subjecting Employees to Possible Injury."
APPLICABLE REGULATIONS

29CFR - SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS


1910 - INDUSTRIAL SAFETY
157 - PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
NFPA 10 - PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
NFPA 101 - LIFE SAFETY CODE

MSA
GENERAL PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS

ALL EMPLOYERS MUST:

 Assign Responsibility.
 Establish a Written Program.
 Conduct Fire Safety Training.
 Develop Fire Safety Procedures.
 Conduct Work Area Inspections.
 Maintain a Safe Work Environment.
 Conduct Regular Program Evaluations.
TRAINING IS IMPORTANT

A GOOD PROGRAM WILL HELP:


 Reduce the Probability of Fire.
 Reduce Injury and Illness Rates.
 Acceptance of High-Turnover Jobs.
 Workers Feel Better About their Work.
 Reduce Workers’ Compensation Costs.
 Elevate OSHA Compliance to a Higher
Level.
EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITIES

 SAFETY OFFICER:
 Manage the Fire Extinguisher Program.
 Schedule the proper training for employees.
 Update the program when necessary.
 Record and maintain training records.
 Ensure monthly/annual inspections are conducted.
EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITIES

 MAINTENANCE SUPERVISOR:

 Replace used and damaged fire extinguisher(s).


 Notify Safety Officer of use or damage.
 Assist in Control of extinguishers.
 Mount extinguishers.
 Ensure installed equipment does not block.
 Assist in accessibility to extinguishers.
EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITIES

 DEPARTMENT AND FIRST LINE SUPERVISORS:


 Replace used and damaged fire extinguisher(s).
 Notify Safety Officer of use or damage.
 Assist in Control of extinguishers.
 Ensure installed equipment does not block access.
 Ensure employees are aware of where extinguishers
 are located.
 Ensure extinguishers are clean and are free from
obstructions.
MAINTAINING THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER

 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS SHALL BE MAINTAINED:

 Numbered to identify their proper location.


 Maintain an extinguisher master list.
 Fully charged and in operable condition.
 Clean and free of defects.
 Readily accessible at all times.
UNAPPROVED FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

 YOU MUST NOTIFY YOUR SUPERVISOR IF YOU FIND:


 Portable extinguishers using carbon tetrachloride.
 Portable extinguishers using chlorobromomethane.
 Portable extinguishers that have soldered or riveted shells.
 Portable extinguishers using self-generating soda acid.
 Portable extinguishers using or self-generating foam.
 Portable extinguishers using gas cartridge water type.
 Portable extinguishers which are operated by inverting the
extinguisher to rupture the cartridge or to initiate an
uncontrollable pressure generating chemical reaction to expel
the agent shall be removed from the facility permanently.
INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE AND TESTING

 BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR EXTINGUISHERS:


 Monthly visual inspections.
 Annual maintenance check.
 Twelve (12) year hydrostatic test.
 Six (6) year tear down maintenance.
 Extinguishers must be promptly recharged if used.
 Incompatible extinguishers must not be used.
THE MECHANICS OF FIRE

 THE FIRE TRIANGLE:

IGNITION FUEL

OXYGEN

TAKE ANY COMPONENT AWAY AND FIRE CANNOT SURVIVE


THE MECHANICS OF FIRE
Continued

 IGNITION CAN BE:


 Electrical.
 Chemical.
 Thermal.
 Radioactive.
THE MECHANICS OF FIRE
Continued

 FUEL CAN BE:


 Solid.
 Liquid.
 Gas.

In order to combust the


right mixture of oxygen
and fuel must be present.
SOLID LIQUID GAS
THE MECHANICS OF FIRE
Continued

 OXYGEN:
 The fuel air mixture must be right. 0
 People need 19 percent to live.
 Fire only needs 16 percent. 3 0
OXY

2 OXYGEN
THE CLASSIFICATIONS OF FIRE

Portable fire extinguishers are provided for


employee use and selected and distributed
based on the classes of anticipated
workplace fires and on the size and degree
of the hazard which would affect their use.
Fire extinguishers are designed for four
classes of fires:

D
THE CLASSIFICATIONS OF FIRE
Continued

 THERE ARE FOUR CLASSIFICATIONS OF FIRE:


 Class - A Wood, paper, cloth, rubber, some plastics.
 Class - B Gasoline, kerosene, paint, propane.
 Class - C Electrical equipment.
 Class - D Metals like magnesium, titanium, sodium

D
THE CLASSIFICATIONS OF FIRE
Continued

 CLASS “A” FIRES - ORDINARY COMBUSTIBLES:


 Keep storage and working areas free of trash.
 Place oily rages in covered containers.
 Control smoking in the area.
 Limit sources of possible ignition.
 Keep passages and fire doors clear at all times.
 Know the locations of fire extinguishers.
THE CLASSIFICATIONS OF FIRE
Continued

 CLASS “B” FIRES - FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS OR GASES:


 Consider nonflammable substitutes for cleaners.
 Ensure solvent tanks have fusible links on covers.
 Only refuel equipment in well ventilated areas.
 Properly store flammable liquids.
 Use flammable liquids only in well ventilated areas.
 Ensure storage drums are properly grounded.
 Restrict welding and cutting to authorized areas.
THE CLASSIFICATIONS OF FIRE
Continued

 CLASS “C” FIRES - ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT:


 Inspect wiring and insulation frequently.
 Ensure motors are kept clean and lubricated.
 Be cognizant of unusual odors.
 Ensure outlets and connections are not overloaded.
 Never misuse fuses, look for correct rating.
 Keep motors free of dust and excess grease.
 Ensure machinery is properly maintained.
THE CLASSIFICATIONS OF FIRE
Continued

 CLASS “D” FIRES - COMBUSTIBLE METALS:


 Control dust and turnings.
 Follow established control procedures.
 Never use wet sand or water to extinguish fires.
 Moisture releases oxygen which can fuel the fire.
 Metal fires can burn up to 5000 degrees.
 Metals can be extremely difficult to extinguish.

D
IDENTIFYING THE PROPER FIRE
EXTINGUISHER

 LOOK AT THE FACEPLATE

ACME FIRE
EXTINGUISHER

FIRE EXTINGUISHER
MULTI-PURPOSE
DRY CHEMICAL
LABELING OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

All Fire Extinguishers Used by This


Company Will Be Labeled in
Accordance With NFPA 10, Standard
for Portable Fire Extinguishers.
Locations Where Fire Extinguishers
Are Mounted Will Also Comply With
NFPA 10 for Labeling Purposes.
USING THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER

 CHECK THE GAUGE

ACME FIRE
EXTINGUISHER
USING THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Continued

 PULL THE PIN

ACME FIRE
EXTINGUISHER
USING THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Continued

 SQUEEZE THE TRIGGER


WHILE HOLDING THE
EXTINGUISHER UPRIGHT.

ACME FIRE
EXTINGUISHER
USING THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Continued

 AIM THE EXTINGUISHER AT


THE BASE OF THE FLAMES.
 SWEEP SIDE TO SIDE.
WHEN NOT TO FIGHT A FIRE

 WHEN TO CALL FOR HELP!:

 If you have no escape route.


 If the fire begins to significantly spread.
 If the extinguisher proves to be ineffective.
 If there is a choice between life and property.
 If you’re unsure if you can handle the situation.
 If you are injured and it will impede your escape.
 If the extinguisher is not designed for the type fire.
 If any drums, gases, and like materials are engulfed.
HOW TO SELECT A FIRE EXTINGUISHER

 SELECTING A FIRE EXTINGUISHER DEPENDS ON:


 Nature of the combustibles or flammables.
 Potential severity of the resulting fire.
- size, speed of travel, intensity etc.
 Effectiveness of the extinguisher on the type material.
 The ease of the use of the fire extinguisher.
 The personnel available to operate the extinguisher.
 The physical and emotional ability of the user.
HOW TO SELECT A FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Continued

 SELECTING A FIRE EXTINGUISHER DEPENDS ON:


 The ambient conditions (wind, drafts, fumes etc.).
 Adverse reactions of the extinguishing agent.
 Health and operational safety concerns.
 Upkeep and maintenance of the extinguisher.

D
METHODS OF EXTINGUISHER OPERATION

 FIVE METHODS ARE IN COMMON USE:


 Self-Expelling - Sufficient vapor pressure to expel
themselves.
 Gas Cartridge or Cylinder - A separate cylinder is activated
to pressurize the extinguisher to expel the agent.
 Stored Pressure - Extinguisher contents under content
constant pressure.
 Mechanically Pumped - The operator activates a pump to
expel the extinguishing agent.
 Hand Propelled - The use of scoops, pails, or buckets.
HOW TO EXTINGUISH SMALL FIRES

 CLASS “A” FIRES - ORDINARY COMBUSTIBLES:


 Point the extinguishing agent at the base of the fire.
 Do not attempt to put out the flames.
 Cool the material below its ignition temperature.
 Soak fibrous material to prevent re-ignition.
 Establish a fire watch to ensure no re-ignition occurs.
 Use water, foam or multi-purpose dry chemicals.
HOW TO EXTINGUISH SMALL FIRES
Continued

 CLASS “B” FIRES - FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS OR GASES:


 Point the extinguishing agent at the base of the fire.
 Do not attempt to put out the flames.
 Attempt to prevent oxygenation of the fire.
 Close solvent tanks lids etc.
 Know that the fire may flare up momentarily.
 Use foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemicals and halon.
HOW TO EXTINGUISH SMALL FIRES
Continued

 CLASS “C” FIRES - ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT:


 Extinguishing agent cannot conduct electricity.
 Disconnect power to the source ASAP.
 Ensure the extinguisher doesn’t make contact.
 Do not attempt to use water based extinguishers.
 Electrical fires can effect circuitry “downstream”.
 Use carbon dioxide, dry chemicals and halon.
HOW TO EXTINGUISH SMALL FIRES
Continued

 CLASS “D” FIRES - COMBUSTIBLE METALS:


 Multi-purpose extinguishing agent leaves a residue.
 The agent cools the metal to below its ignition temp.
 These residues are harmful to electronic equipment.
 Attempt to prevent oxygenation of the fire.
 Use agents that deprive oxygen.
 Know that metal fires burn extremely hot (5000 deg.).
 Use carbon dioxide and halon.

D
INSPECTING A FIRE EXTINGUISHER

 INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS:
 Inspect fire extinguishers once per month.
 Inspect more often if local fire codes require it.
 Have fire extinguishers serviced once per year.
 Service more often if local codes require it.
 Document the monthly inspections on the card.
INSPECTING A FIRE EXTINGUISHER

 INSPECTION PROCEDURES:
 Know the locations of your fire extinguishers.
 Determine the likely types of fires in the area.
 Ensure the extinguisher is the right type (A.B.C.D.).
 Inspect for rust, dents or other signs of damage.
 Inspect the seal for tampering or previous use.
 Inspect the gauge and feel the weight.
 Is the extinguisher full of agent?
 Ensure the pin, nozzle and nameplate are intact.
 Report missing or damaged extinguishers.
INSPECTING A FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Continued

ACETYLENE
INSPECT NOT ONLY DANGER

THE EXTINGUISHERS, NO SMOKING


BUT ENSURE THAT NO FUMAR
4
AREAS NEEDING
THEM HAVE THEM
1 3
GAS
INSPECTION
ON HAND. CHECKLIST

ENSURE HAZARDOUS ACME FIRE


EXTINGUISHER

AREAS HAVE FIRE


EXTINGUISHERS
POSITIONED FOR
READY USAGE.

You might also like