CORRELATION

and REGRESSION
ANALYSES
Chapter 6
 Correlation and
Regression
Is an statistical process used to
determine whether there exists
a relationship between two or
more variables
It is a standard procedure
used to describe the nature of
the relationship between two
or more variables.
 Correlation
Coefficient
It is designated by (r) and
calculated from sample data
is used to measure the
strength and direction of a
simple relationship between
two variables.
 Correlation
Coefficient
It ranges from -1 to +1. A
strong positive linear
relationship between
variables indicates a r value
close to +1, and strong
negative linear reationship if
the value is close to -1.
When close to 0, the
Example:
 The Pearson’s Correlation
Coefficient
The Pearson’s formula:
where, n= number of paired
observation
X= first variable
y= other variable
Example:
Student x y xy x^2 y^2
1 3 11 33 9 121
2 7 1 7 49 1
3 2 19 38 4 361
4 9 5 45 81 25
5 8 17 136 64 289
6 4 3 12 16 9
7 1 15 15 1 225
8 10 9 90 100 81
9 16 15 240 256 225
10 5 8 40 25 64
11 3 12 36 9 144
12 8 4 32 64 16
N= 12 Sum of x= Sum of y = Sum of xy = Sum of x^2 = Sum of y^2 =
76 119 724 678 1561
Linear Regression
Analysis
Regression is a
descriptive statistical
technique for finding the
best fitting straight line
between two variables.
Calculation of Linear Regression
Analysis
We can calculate
regression line for two
variables if their
correlation is very strong
( as r= 0.98) and their
scatter plot shows linear
pattern.
Calculation of Linear Regression
Analysis
Formula:
Family x y xy X^2 Y^2
A 10 23 230 100 529
B 2 7 14 4 49
C 4 15 60 16 225
D 6 17 102 36 289
E 8 23 184 64 529
F 7 22 14 49 484
G 4 10 40 16 100
H 6 14 84 36 196
I 7 20 140 49 400
J 6 19 114 36 361
N= 10 X= 60 Y= 170 Xy= 1122 X^2= 406 Y^2= 3162