Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CS-414 Chap 4 (IP Address - Subnet Mask)
CS-414 Chap 4 (IP Address - Subnet Mask)
Objectives:
Internet Architecture
IPv4 Addressing
IP address Classes
Subnets and subnet mask
Subnets design with IP addressing
IPv6
Internet Architecture
Taibah University
2
Internet Addresses
Taibah University
3
Decimal Equivalents of 8-Bit Patterns
Taibah University
4
Binary and Decimal Conversion
Taibah University
5
IP Address Classes
Taibah University
6
IP Address Classes
Taibah University
7
IP Addresses as Decimal Numbers
Taibah University
8
Hosts for Classes of
IP Addresses
Taibah University
9
IPv4 Address Classes
Taibah University
Class D Addresses
• A Class D address begins with binary 1110 in the first octet.
• First octet range 224 to 239.
• Class D address can be used to represent a group of hosts called a
host group, or multicast group.
Class E Addresses
11
Network IDs and Broadcast Addresses
Taibah University
12
Private Addresses
Taibah University
13
Reserved Address Space
Taibah University
• Network ID
• Broadcast address
• Hosts for classes of IP addresses
14
Basics of Subnetting
Taibah University
• Classical IP addressing
• Subnetworks
• Subnet mask
• Boolean operations: AND, OR, and NOT
• Performing the AND function
15
Subnetworks
Taibah University
16
Subnetworks
Taibah University
17
Subnet Mask
Taibah University
18
Subnet Mask
Taibah University
19
Boolean Operations: AND, OR, and NOT
Taibah University
20
Performing the AND Function
Taibah University
21
Range of Bits Needed to Create Subnets
Taibah University
22
Subnet Addresses
Taibah University
23
Creating a Subnet
Taibah University
24
Determining Subnet Mask Size
Taibah University
25
Determining Subnet Mask Size
Taibah University
26
Subnetting Example with AND Operation
Taibah University
27
IP Configuration on a Network Diagram
Taibah University
28
Subnet Example
Taibah University
Given the Class B address 190.52.0.0
Using /24
subnet... Network Network Subnet Host
29
Subnet Example
Taibah University
30
Subnet Example
Taibah University
Network address 190.52.0.0 with /16 network mask
Using Subnets: subnet mask 255.255.255.0 or /24
33
IP addressing crisis
Taibah University
• Address Depletion
• Internet Routing Table Explosion
34
IPv4 Addressing
Taibah University
Subnet Mask
• One solution to the IP address shortage was thought to be the
subnet mask.
• Formalized in 1985 (RFC 950), the subnet mask breaks a single
class A, B or C network in to smaller pieces.
35
Short Term Solutions: IPv4 Enhancements
Taibah University
36
IPv4 versus IPv6
Taibah University
IPv4
37
Long Term Solution: IPv6 (coming)
Taibah University
38