AGONISTIC BEHAVIOUR

 Agonistic behaviours are those behaviours which

cause, threaten to cause or seek to reduce
physical damage.
 Agonistic behaviour is comprised of threats,
aggression and submission.
 Perilaku agonistik adalah berperilaku karena ada
penyebabnya, disebabkan adanya ancaman atau
berusaha untuk mengurangi kerusakan fisik.
 Perilaku agonistik terdiri dari ancaman, agresi
dan penyerahan.
 Types of Aggression Seen in Livestock
Animals
Here are some reasons why livestock animals may become
aggressive:
 Pain Induced – An animal gets aggressive when in pain,
particularly if someone tries to touch the painful area.
 Maternal Aggression – Most female domesticated animals are
protective of their young and wary of strangers coming near.
 Territorial Aggression – While horses may share a feeding site,
they retain control of their home range.
Berikut adalah beberapa alasan mengapa hewan ternak dapat menjadi
agresif:
•Nyeri Terimbas - Binatang agresif ketika sakit, terutama jika
seseorang mencoba untuk menyentuh daerah yang menyakitkan.
•Agresi maternal – kebanyakan hewan betina peliharaan melindungi
anak-anak mereka dan waspada terhadap orang asing yang
mendekati.
•Agresi teritorial – Meskipun kuda dapat berbagi situs makan, mereka
tetap kontrol/berjaga-jaga daerah kekuasaannya.
 Female rabbits are very territorial in captivity. They
will attack a male rabbit put into her cage, so for
mating purposes, the female is taken to the buck's
cage.
 Inter male Aggression – This can occur between stud
animals, particularly boars.
 Sexually Induced Aggression – Females in oestrus
have been known to fight.
 Dominance Aggression – Species housed in groups
develop as hierarchy. Even horses have a ‘pecking
order’.
•Kelinci betina sangat teritorial di penangkaran. Mereka akan menyerang kelinci
jantan yang dimasukkan ke dalam kandangnya, jadi untuk tujuan kawin, betina
dibawa ke kandang uang.
•Agresi Antar Jantan - Ini dapat terjadi di antara hewan pejantan, terutama babi
hutan.
•Agresi yang Diinduksi Seksual - Wanita dalam oestrus diketahui berkelahi.
•Agresi Dominasi - Spesies yang ditempatkan dalam kelompok berkembang sebagai
hierarki. Bahkan kuda memiliki 'urutan kekuasaan'.
Aggression in Cattle

 With cattle it is the bull that is of concern. Pawing

the ground with forefeet and snorting while
holding its head up are signs of aggressive
behaviour.
 An aggressive bull will knock down a person and
continue to knock him down or toss him about
which could result in being gored if the bull has
horns
Pada hewan ternak, bantenglah yang menjadi perhatian. Menjejali tanah
dengan kaki depan dan mendengus sambil memegang kepalanya adalah tanda-
tanda perilaku agresif.
Seekor banteng yang agresif akan merobohkan seseorang dan terus
menjatuhkannya atau melemparkannya tentang yang bisa mengakibatkan
ditanduknya jika banteng memiliki tanduk
 Aggressive behaviour in the heifer is more related to breed and
socialization. Cows that are handled frequently, such as dairy
cows, are usually docile.
 It is the cows that aren’t handled regularly, such as beef cattle,
particularly in large herds, that may become aggressive.
 The cattle fight or flight response varies considerably on how
often they are handled. A herd of dairy cows will veer away if a
human gets into their personal space, however, high country
cattle are more likely to run to get further away from the
encroaching human.

• Perilaku agresif pada sapi muda lebih terkait dengan breed dan sosialisasi. Sapi
yang sering ditangani, seperti sapi perah, biasanya jinak.
• Sapi-sapi yang tidak ditangani secara teratur, seperti sapi potong, khususnya
dalam ternak besar, yang mungkin menjadi agresif.
• Pertarungan ternak atau respons terbang sangat bervariasi pada seberapa sering
mereka ditangani. Sejumlah sapi perah akan membelok jika manusia memasuki
ruang pribadi mereka, namun, sapi perah di dataran tinggi lebih cenderung
berlari untuk menjauh dari manusia yang merambah.
Classification of aggressive behaviours common
to food animals
BEHAVIOURAL CATEGORY
Interspecific aggression
1. Maternal defence (pertahanan ibu)
2. Defence of territory (Pertahanan
wilayah)
3. Predation (predasi)
DEFINITION AND EXAMPLE
Mother defends young against potential
predator. Ewe with lamb attacks dog
(induk domba dgn anaknya menyerang
anjing)
Animal attacks intruder-grazing bulI
attacks human.
Animal attacks, kills and eats another
animal-hen catches and eats an insect.
Intraspecific aggression
4. Aggression after grouping(Agresi Previously unfamiliar animals are brought
setelah pengelompokan) together; they fight and a social structure or
hierarchy results -pigs sorted by size, they fight.

5. Inter-male fighting (Pertempuran Adult males generally fight to win mates or

antar jantan) territory – rams (domba jantan) fight during
breeding season

6. Resource defence (pertahanan When resources become limited, aggression

sumber daya) increases cattle fight with limited feed,bunk
space.

7. Inter-gender fighting (pertempuran Males attempt to mount non-oestrous (tidak

antar gender) birahi) females, aggressive behaviour ensues-
non-oestrous sows attack a boar who attempted
a mount.

8. Aberrant aggression (Agresi yg Cannibalism or killing of young, feather and vent

menyimpang dari kebiasaan) picking in hens and, possibly, hen hysteria.