PANANALIKSIK

ALDRIN G. JADAONE, Ed.D.

(AKA: “SIR JADAWN”)
BALANGKAS NG
PAPEL
PANANALIKSIK /
THESIS OUTLINE
PRELIMINARIES/PRELIMINARYO
• Title Page - Dahon ng Pamagat
• Approval Sheet - Dahon ng
Pagpapatibay
• Acknowledgment - Pasasalamat
• Dedication - Paghahandog
• Abstract - Abstrak
• Table of Contents - Talaan ng Nilalaman
• List of Tables - Talaan ng
Talahanayan
• List of Figures - Talaan ng mga Figura
 Kabanata 1
PANIMULA
• Kaligiran ng Pag-aaral
• Pagsusuri sa mga Kaugnay ng
Literatura
• Sintesis ng Pagsusuri
• Balangkas Teoretikal at Konseptwal
• Daloy ng Pananaliksik/Paradigma
• Paglalahad ng Suliranin
 CHAPTER 1:
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Review of Related Literature
Synthesis of the Review
Theoretical and Conceptual Framework of the Study
Theoretical Underpinnings
Conceptual Underpinnings
Statement of the Problem
Hypothesis of the Study
Significance of the Study
 Kabanata 1
PANIMULA
Matutunghayan sa bahaging ito ng pag-aaral ang
layunin ng mananaliksik, ang inaasahang kahalagahan
nito sa mga mag-aaral. Mahalagang bahagi nito ang mga
nakalap na literatura at mga pag-aaral na malaki ang
kaugnayan sa gagawing pananaliksik. Ilalahad din sa
bahaging ito ang mga suliraning hahanapan ng mga
kasagutan, ang batayang teorya at konsepto ng
pananaliksik.
Tutukuyin din sa kabanatang ito ang lawak at mga
sangkot sa pananaliksik at bibigyang pakahulugan ang
mahahalagang talasalitaang magagagamit sa buong
pananaliksik.
 Kabanta 2
METODOLOHIYA
• Disenyo ng Pananaliksik
• Metodo ng Pag-aaral
• Mga Respondente
• Instrumento ng Pananaliksik
• Paraan ng Pangangalap ng
Datos
• Kagamitang Pang-Istadistika
 Chapter 2
METHOD
• Research Design
• Research Methodology
• Participants of the Study
• Research Instruments
• Data Gathering Procedures
• Statistical Tools
 DISENYO NG PANANALIKSIK
*Nililinaw sa bahaging ito ang gagamiting
disenyo ng pananaliksik.

*Kadalasan DESCRITIV-ANALITIK dahil

‘angkop ito sa bagong mananaliksik at di
ito nangangailangan ng paggamit ng
masalimuot na istalistik.

*Maaraing suriin lamang nito ang mga

datos o informasyon na nakalap bunga ng
isinagawang sarvey.
 MGA KALAHOK SA PAG-AARAL

Dito inilalahad ang eksaktong

bilang ng mga sasagot sa
inihandang sarvey-kwestyuneyr.
Ihahayag din dito ang maikling
profayl ng mga respondente
gayundin ang dahilan kung bakit sila
ang pinili.
PARAAN NG PAGKALAP NG MGA DATOS

Makikita sa bahaging ito kung

ano ang gagamiting pamamaraan sa
pagkalap ng mga datos. Ang
kadalasang mga instrumentong
ginagamit ay ang mga ss:
* Sarvey-kwestyuneyr
* Intervyu o Panayam
 CHAPTER 3:
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Introduction of the table

The table itself
Discussion of the table
 KABANATA 3
RESULTA NG PAGTATAYA AT
PRESENTASYON NG MGA DATOS
-Presentasyon ng mga
talahanayan
- Ang Talahanayan
-Pagtalakay sa nilalaman
ng talahanayan
 CHAPTER 4:
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS

Findings
Conclusions
Recommendations
 KABANATA 4
BUOD, KONGKLUSYON AT
REKOMENDASYON
• Kinalabasan ng Pananaliksik
• Kongklusyon
• Rekomendasyon
REFERENCES/
MGA
SANGGUNIAN
APPENDICES /
APENDIKS O
DAHONG
DAGDAG
CURRICULUM VITAE
/ KURIKULUM BITA
THESIS
TITLE
3 TYPES in FORMULATING A THESIS
TITLE

Orthodox

Output
Based

Variable
Based
VARIABLE BASED TITLE:
ORGANIZATIONAL LOYATY OF THE
“

PLMAR STAFF AS BASIS FOR JOB

SATISFACTION”

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: JOB SATISFACTION

DEPENDENT VARIABLE: ORGANIZATIONAL

LOYALTY
OUTPUT BASED TITLE:

“ A PROPOSED STRATEGIC HUMAN

CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM TO
ENHANCE THE JOB SATISFACTION OF
THE PLMAR STAFF”
 ORTHODOX BASED TITLE

“ PLMAR STAFF PERCEPTIONS

ON JOB SATISFACTION AND
ORGANIZATIONAL LOYALTY:
BASIS FOR A STRATEGIC CAPITAL
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM”
Halimbawa:

“Isang Pag-aaral tungkol sa Epekto

ng Media sa Pagsulat ng Sanaysay
sa Filipino ng mga Piling Mag-aaral
sa Ikaapat na Taon ng Hayskul ng
Elizabeth Seton School”
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
/INTRODUCTION
It is the section where you discuss
the overview of your research
problem, the factors that lead you
to the conceptualization of the
problem and the justification for
considering your chosen topic as
a problem for research.
CHAPTER 1
Panimula
Sa panahon ngayon, marami nang mga
bagay na maaaring makaimpluwensya sa
mga kabataan patungo sa mga hindi kanais-
nais na gawain. Kabilang na sa listahan ang
text messaging, pagba-blog, online-games at
kung anu-ano pang pwedeng
pagkaabalahan sa internet at maging sa
mga makabagong teknolohiya ngayon.

Dahil sa mga naibigay na salik, marami

itong pwedeng masamang epekto sa mga
kabataan. Kabilang na dito ang kanilang
paglimot sa pagsulat sa kanilang sariling wika,
ang Filipino.
 Sa pag-aaral na ito, pagtutuunan ng pansin
ng mga mananaliksik ang mga epekto ng mga
salik na nabanggit sa mga kabataan, lalo na sa
pagsusulat ng mga sanaysay. Ang teknolohiya
rin ay nagiging daan na sa pagkikipagusap sa
mga tao, at isa ito sa mga salik kung bakit
nagkakaroon ng mga pagkakamali sa
paghahayag ng mga ideya ng mga kabataan.

Hindi man makokontrol ng mananaliksik ang

paglawak ng mga pagkadiskubre ng mga
makabagong teknolohiya, susubukan namang
ilalahad ang mga posibleng solusyon upang
mabawasan ang paglaki ng bilang ng mga
kabataang hindi marunong magsulat sa sarili
nilang wika.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
• This contains the literature reviewed and the
synthesis of the review.
• Literature encompasses books, periodicals,
journals, articles and other materials written
by knowledgeable persons and therefore
includes researches and studies.
• The first purpose of literature review is to
establish the facts which are already known
from previous researches.
• Any literature related to the intended topic for
research will add the historical perspective
which the researcher should know.
 STEPS IN LITERATURE REVIEW
1. Identification of research topic
2. Obtaining an overview of the topic
through a review of secondary
sources
3. Looking for titles of books and
researches in journals, thesis and
dissertations to be reviewed.
4. Preparation of bibliographic notes
5. Analysis and synthesis of findings
and results
6. Writing of the narrative synthesis
of the research report.
 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

• Most researches need a

theoretical framework, which
can also derived from the
literature review.
• It discusses the theories and
principles upon which the
research problem is anchored.
Batayang Teoretikal:
Ang teoryang gagamitin ng mga
mananaliksik ay ang Media Influence Theory.
Tinatalakay ng teoryang ito kung paano
nakaaapekto ang media sa pag-iisip at
paggalaw ng mga kabataan.

Ang media ay isang malaking bagay sa

pangaraw-araw nating pamumuhay dahil ito
ay nakakaimpluwensya sa paraan na ito rin
ay isang paraan ng pakikipag-ugnayan.
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
• It is the discussion that leads to how
the theory was specifically needed in
the research.
• It is the creation of the researcher as he
envisions his research to be.
• The research problems emerged out of
this framework and are presented
diagrammatically in what is referred to
as the research paradigm.
 RESEARCH PARADIGM

Is a way of looking at the nature

of the research problem which
includes among other things,
the philosophical assumptions
that guide and direct the
conduct of research.
Batayang Konseptwal:

MEDIA Mga epekto ng KABATAAN

media na
nasasagap ng
kabataan

Pagsulat ng
Sanaysay
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This is where you state the
general and specific
problems for the research
you choose to work and
hopes to achieve.
MAIN PROBLEM: (THESIS)

“COGNITVE AND NON-COGNITIVE

FACTORS THAT AFFECTS THE
TEACHING PERFORMANCE OF
THE FACULTY OF CAS_PLMAR 1ST
SEMESTER; AY:2015-16”
SPECIFIC PROBLEMS:
1. What is the profile of the Faculty in terms of the following
Cognitive Variables?
1.1 Academic Qualification
1.2 Years of Teaching
1.3 Faculty Ranking
1.4
2. What is the profile of the Faculty in terms of the following
Non-cognitive Variables?
2.1 Age
2.2 Gender
2.3 Religion
2.4 Marital Status
2.5 Socio-economic Status
3. Is there a significant relationship between teaching
performance and the aforementioned variables?
 Paglalahad ng suliranin

• Layunin ng Pag-aaral na matukoy ang

Epekto ng Media sa Pagsulat ng Sanaysay
sa Filipino ng mga Piling Mag-aaral sa
Ikaapat na Taon ng Hayskul ng Elizabeth
Seton School at masagot ang mga
katanugang lubhaang mahalaga sa pag-
aaral:
1. Ano ang demograpikong propayl ng mga
mag-aaral na sangkot sa pananaliksik
batay sa mga ss:
1.1 edad
1.2 kasarian
1.3 antas
1.4 Estado ng Pamumuhay
 HYPOTHESIS

• Is a temporary answer
to the specific
problems stated.
• It should be stated in
the null form.
HYPOTHESIS:
“There is no significant
relationship between the
teaching performance and the
cognitive and non-cognitive
factors of the Plmar_Cas
faculty.”
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
• This part discusses the group of
persons, institution or offices
which will be benefited by the
results of the study.
• How these groups are benefited
by the results must likewise be
discussed.
 SCOPE AND LIMITATION
• You are to discuss inclusively
the coverage of the study in
terms of population, time
frame, and variables.
• Some specific items that are
not part of the study may be
cited.
 DEFINITION OF TERMS
• What you are to include here are the
operational definitions which are
specifically the meaning of the terms as
they are used in the study.
• For instance, ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE, has a very broad
meaning, but in your study it means as
the evaluation of the teacher as
reflected in the final grades in all
subjects.
CHAPTER 2
 METHOD OF RESEARCH
A. APPROACH

Qualitative
Quantitative
Combination(both)
 METHOD OF RESEARCH

B. DESIGN

Historical –Qualitative
Descriptive – Quanty/Qualy
Experimental – Quantitative
 METHOD OF RESEARCH

B. DESIGN

Historical –Qualitative
Descriptive – Quanty/Qualy
Experimental – Quantitative
Metodolohiyang Ginamit
Ang ginamit na paraan sa pagsasaliksik ng
pangkat ay ang Panlarawan o Descriptive
Method. Ang paraang ito ay tumatalakay sa
mga nangyayari sa kasalukuyan na maaaring
nakaaapekto na sa lahat ng tao. Ang
gagawing pagsasaliksik ay itutuon sa epekto ng
mga napapanahong teknolohiya sa mga
kabataan.

Mayroong dalawang uri ng paglalarawan,

at ang aming gagamitin ay ang pagsasarbey.
Ang paggamit ng paraang ito ay makakatulong
na matalakay at mapatunayan ang nasabing
paksa.
PARTICIPANT/RESPONDENTS/SUBJECT
OF THE STUDY
• The population of the study
must be stated in terms of
“who” and “how many”.
• If a sample is to be taken from
the population, then the
sampling technique must also be
explained.
 SAMPLING PROCEDURES
• A SAMPLE is a subset or part of a
population which is representative of
the population for the research to be
conducted.
• The entire group about which
information is desired is called target
population.
• The group from which a sample is to be
taken is called sampling population.
 SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
• Simple Random Sampling –is a technique of drawing a sample
wherein each sampling unit has an equal chance of being taken.
• Systematic Sampling – this technique can be used if there is a
listing of sample frame, and the ordering is more or less random.
• Stratified Sampling – this technique is most applicable when the
population has characteristics concentrated in some sample units,
and some variability may be observed in various section of the
population.
• Cluster sampling- is a method of sampling wherein the sampling
units are groups.
• Multistage sampling- employs more than one sampling
techniques
• Purposive sampling- the technique is resorted to when a study is
focused on specific characteristics of the sampling units.
SLOVIN’S FORMULA:
𝑁
𝑛=
1+𝑁 𝑒 2

Where:
𝑛 = Sample Size
N = Population Size
e = acceptable marginal error (0.01 medical science, 0.05
applied science)

Sample: to get the sample size from the total population of 1000;

𝑛 = 1000
1 + 100 (0.05)2
𝑛= 286
 RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS
1. The Questionnaire – is believed to be
the major instrument in data gathering in
DESCRIPTIVE-SURVEY studies.
Instead of questions, the instrument
contains statement to which respondents
can have options to answer, then the
instrument is called checklist. If the
researcher is to fill up the answers given by
the subjects of the study, then the
instrument is referred to as schedule.
 What are the evidences of questionnaires
validity?
• The items must definitely and adequately cover
all the aspects of the subject of the research.
• The questions must be perfectly clear and
unambiguous.
• The items must evolve something which is typical
of the individual and of the situation.
• The respondents give answer with reality.
• Different types of responses give respondents
with a reasonable range of variation.
• The information that will be gathered through
questionnaire is consistent.
EXAMPLE: (intended to gather data on how
employees perceive their superiors.)

DIRECTIONS: Please rate the above-named

personnel as accurately as you can by checking the
column that best answer each item in accordance
with the following descriptions:

5 – The action is ALWAYS observed/done

4 - The action is OFTEN observed/done
3 – The action is SOMETIMES observed/done
2 – The action is SELDOM observed/done
1 – The action is NEVER observed/done
 ITEM/S 5 4 3 2 1
To what degree is each item observed/done?

1. Demonstrate confidence in subordinates

2. Recognizes command responsibility in delegated

tasks
3. Exercises authority within reasonable bounds

4. Allows subordinates to discuss freely their

jobs/problems
5. Show proficiency and mastery of his/her work

6. Tries out new ideas and innovations

7. Clearly shows the reasons for his decisions and

policies
Sarbey kwestyuneyr:
Pangalan: ________________________________ Taon at Pangkat:_____________
Edad: _________ Kasarian:___________

1. Ikaw ba ay nagtetext, nagsusulat ng blog, nagbabasa ng mga artikulo

sa internet?
– Oo
– Hindi
– Minsan
2. Kapag nagsusulat ka ng mga blog at mga liham, ano ang ginagamit
mo?
– English
– Filipino
– Taglish
3. Nagkakamali ka ba ng baybay o di kaya’y nashoshortcut
mo/nagmumuhkang text ang mga salita na iyong ginagamit sa mga
sanysay, atbp?
– Oo
– Minsan
– Hindi
4. Kung oo, sa palagay mo ba ay ang teknolohiya ay isa sa mga
kadahilanan nito?
– Oo
– Hindi
– Siguro
5. Sa tingin mo, ano ang pinakamalaking impluwensya sa pagshoshortcut
ng mga salita?
– Pagtetext
– Pagsusulat ng Blog
– Pagbabasa ng mga artikulo sa internet
 RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS
2. THE INTERVIEW:
• must be conducted in face to face contacts if it
should be used for research purposes.
• It is consists of asking questions and getting
direct answers from the respondents.
• it is necessary if the information desired
involves some intimate facts of the person,
personal habits and characteristics, opinions
and beliefs, family life and confidential
matters.
• an interviewer must prepare a set of carefully
planned questions prior to the actual interview
 RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS
3. THE TESTS:
• The reliability of a test may be
established through any of the
following approaches:
a.) Test – retest approach
b.)Parallel – Tests approach
c.) Split – Half design
 CHAPTER 3
• The data gathered are to be
summarized in tables.
• The results of the computation
made on these data are to be
used as tools for interpretation
and analysis.
• The data that appear on the
tables are to be explained.
• They are sources of inferences
and statistical decisions
• Presentation format must follow
the sequence:
1. Introduction of the table
New 1 yr 2 yr 3 yr
2. The table itself Employee
3. Discussion of the table
CHAPTER
4
Summary
• It contains the basic
considerations such as the main
problem, the respondents, the
sampling procedure, research
instruments and the highlights of
the findings.
• These become the basis for the
formulation of the conclusions.
CONCLUSION
• The conclusions are the
answers to the specific
problems based on the
findings.
• To every problem, there
corresponds a conclusion.
RECOMMENDATION
• The recommendations are based on
conclusions.
• Thus, for every conclusion, there
must be one recommendation.
• Other recommendation that may be
generated by the study are cited
after the conclusion-based
recommendation.
????