System Structure of

ZXC10 MGW/MSCe/HLRe
V0603

ZTE University
Mobile-MSS/WDSS Group
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 Course Objectives

Understand System Structure of

ZXC10 MGW
Understand System Structure of
ZXC10 MSCe
Understand System Structure of
ZXC10 HLRe

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 Agenda

 Architecture of ZXC10 MGW

 Architecture of ZXC10 MSCe
 Architecture of ZXC10 HLRe

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 Functions of ZXC10 MGW

 Support multiple interfaces including E1/T1/SDH/Ethernet etc

 Support multiple protocols including RTP, Megaco/H.248 etc.

 Support TrFO, RTO functions

 Support multiple vocoders including EVRC, SMV, QCELP etc.

 Built-in MRFP

 Built-in SGW

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 Function Structure of ZXC10 MGW

ZXC10 MGW

Signaling and Main Processing Unit IP Access Unit IP Networking

IP Switching Unit

Media Resource Vocoder SS7 Signaling No.7 Networking

Unit Unit Unit

Circuit Switching Unit DT Unit PSTN/PLMN

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 Logical Units of ZXC10 MGW

• The MGW can be functionally divided into:

– Digital Trunk Unit
– Circuit Switching Unit
– IP Access Unit
– IP Switching Unit
– Control Plane Processing Unit
– Transcoding Unit
– Clock Unit

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 Digital Trunk Unit

• The digital trunk unit implements the voice access from the
PSTN or 2G BSC.

SDTB DTB/DTEC

Control
To control
stream
stream
Ethernet
Ethernet
TDM
TDM bus bus
Other control
Other bus
control bus

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 Transcoding Unit

• The transcoding unit implements transcoding and media

resources (conference call, tone/voice, DTMF, MFC, and
so on) functions.

VTC MRB

Media stream
Media stream
Ethernet
Ethernet
Control
Control
stream
stream
Ethernet
Ethernet
TDM bus
TDM bus

Other control
Other control
bus
bus

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 TrFO/RTO

• TrFO: Transcoder Free Operation

– TrFO means that compressed voice is transferred
between traditional MSs through the bearing channel
of a packet-based network without a codec 。
• RTO: Remote Transcoder Operation
– For the RTO, a transcoder is configured at the remote
call side in the core network. RTO involves MS-MS
RTO and MS-PSTN RTO.

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 Typical tandem operation

EVRC voice G.711 voice EVRC voice

BSC BSC
Transcoder Transcoder

• Though MS1 and MS2 adopt EVRCs of the same type, two
transcoders are still used on the bearer path to convert EVRC into
G.711 and then to convert G.711 to EVRC for the interworking of
the media streams between the two MSs. This is the traditional
tandem operation. TrFO tries best to avoid it.

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 TrFO & RTO

TrFO
SIP-T

MSCe MSCe

EVRC Voice EVRC Voice

EVRC Voice
IP Network

BSC BSC

BTS G.711 Voice

PSTN
RTO

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 RTO: Mobile to Mobile
MS1/codec1 transcoder transcoder codec2/MS2

EVRC 13K
EVRC E 13 13K
EVRC EVRC 13K 13k

• When the codec formats of the two MSs are not compatible, only
one transcoder is required, Compared with the Tandem structure,
RTO only requires one-stage transcoding, improving the call
quality.

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 RTO: MS-to-PSTN / PSTN-to-MS

MS1/codec1 transcoder transcoder PSTN

EVRC PCM
EVRC E P PCM
EVRC EVRC PCM PCM

• Only one transcoder need be set on the bearer channel between the
MS and PSTN subscribers converting compressed voice into PCM
and vice versa.

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 Circuit Switching Unit

• The circuit switching unit implements the T net switching

with capacity of 64k~256k.
• The circuit switching unit consists of TSNB (with a
maximum switching capacity of 256k) and TFI.

TFI TFI

TSNB
… …
256K*256K

TFI TFI

100M control stream Ethernet

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 IP Access Unit

• This IP Access Unit provides interfaces such as FE, GE

and STM-1, implements RTP/UDP/IP processing.

MNIC

Media stream
Media stream
Ethernet
Ethernet
Control
Control
stream
stream
Ethernet
Ethernet

Other control
Other control
bus
bus

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 IP Switching Unit

• Here the IP switching refers to the media plane IP

switching. It exists in the resource subsystem and the core
packet switching subsystem.

Media plane IP switching in the core packet switching subsystem

GLI GLI
PSN
…

GLI 80Gbps
GLI

UIM
100M control stream Ethernet

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 Control Plane Processing Unit

• The MPB implements these functions: converging and processing the control
plane media streams, call control, signaling processing, and operation &
maintenance.
• The SPB connects to the SS7 network for processing SS7 MTP-2.
• The MNIC connects to the IP network for processing the protocols in the IP
domain.

MPB MPB SPB MNIC

Control
Control
stream
stream
Ethernet
Ethernet
TDM bus
TDM bus

Other control
Other control
bus
bus

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 Clock Unit

BCTC/BUSN/BPSN
BCSN
TSN
TSNB 16M8K
TFI
TFI VTC/
B 16M MRB

32M 32M
16M8K
32M8K 32M8K MPB
16M
CLK
CLKG 16M8K UIM
需自
G 16M (
产己
UIM
T20m 16M8K
16M8K 生 DTB/
s) 16M
16M SPB

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 Signaling Processing in ZXC10 MGW

FE SIPI IP
Swithcing MPB

E1/
SPB
T1

TDM
E1/ DTB/DTEC/ Switching
T1 SDTB
STM-1

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 Media Stream in ZXC10 MGW

MRB

IPI
5
DT/
IP DTEC/
T-net 6
Switching SDTB
Switching
VTCD
4
3 IPI
2
1

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 Agenda

 Architecture of ZXC10 MGW

 Architecture of ZXC10 MSCe
 Architecture of ZXC10 HLRe

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 ZXC10 MSCe Main Functions

 Support multiple interfaces including E1/T1/Ethernet etc.

 Support multiple protocols including Megaco/H.248, SIP-T,

Sigtran, SS7, etc.

 Act as VMSCe, GMSCe or TMSCe

 Embedded SGW/SSP functions

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 Function Structure of ZXC10 MSCe

MSCe

IP protocol unit IP network

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IP switching unit

SS7 signaling unit SS7 network

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 Logical Units of ZXC10 MSCe

• The MSCe can be functionally divided into：

– Access Unit
– Switching Unit
– Processing Unit
– Clock Unit

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 Access Unit

• Access Unit provides 2 kinds of external interfaces:

– IP interface: 100M access (MNIC )
– SS7 interface: E1 access (SPB)

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 Switching Unit

• Switching Unit includes 2 kinds of boards:

– UIM: UIMC.

– CHUB: Implements Ethernet interconnection between

each signaling control subsystem and the main control
subsystem.

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 Clock Unit

Other signaling control subsystems

16M8K
Main control

16M
subsystem 16M8K MPB
16M
CLKG
CLK 16M8K UIM
需自
G 16M ( UIM
产己
16M8K SPB
生
T20ms
16M8K ) 16M
16M

16M8K
16M SPB
Two sets of 8K extracted from lines

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 Agenda

 Architecture of ZXC10 MGW

 Architecture of ZXC10 MSCe
 Architecture of ZXC10 HLRe

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 ZXC10 HLRe Main Functions

 Mobility management function

 Basic call function

 Data service function

 SMS service function

 Supplementary service function

 WIN service function

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 Overall System Architecture of ZXC10 HLRe

No.7
signaling IP network Accounting
network system

HLRe CPM HDBAgent- 140 HDBAgent - 141 134 Server (DBIO) 170 Client (service
console)

10/100M Fast Ethernet

Database Database OMC Server OMC Client

server 151 server 152
d i g i t a l

Disk array

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 Common Processor Module (CPM)

• The Common Processor Module (CPM) serves as the

core module of the interface between the HLRe and
other functional entities and the service processor. It has
the following functions:
– Processes No.7 signaling and IP signaling.
– Provide memory database.
– Processes the HLRe MAP service.
– Provide O&M module to process the operation and
maintenance instructions sent from the background
and return the processing results to the background.

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 Common Processor Module (CPM)

BCTC
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

S S S S U U S S U U O O C C S S
P P I I S S M M I I M M L L M M
B B P P I I P P M M P P K K P P
I I C C G G

• Just like MSCe, HLRe CPM consists of one

or multiple control subsystems (BCTC).

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 Typical Configuration of CPM

HLRe typical configuration

HLRe typical configuration
One-shelf configuration
BCTC BCTC – 1 BCTC
NULL BCTC
– Max Support 800,000
subscribers
NULL BCTC

NULL BCTC Full configuration

Minimum
Full configuration
– 4 BCTC (Only one rack)
configuration
– Max Support 6,000,000
subscribers

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 Interfaces of CPM

Interconnection of subsystems

BCTC
FE SP
nae
pl
orl
not
c
IM
U
fo
ent
ehr
t
E
FE BMP
O OMC
E1/ T1 SPB Server

FE
FE MNIC FE CL
KSMP

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 HLRe Database Server Structure

• Each HDM consists of 2 servers and 1 disk array. It

adopts the Cluster technology to enhance system
reliability and saves data in the form of RAID1+0.
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 HLRe Subscriber Database

• There are 2 subscriber databases in HLRe:

– Physical Database
Location: HLRe Database Server

– Memory Database
Location: Memory of SMP board

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 HDBAgent

• Function:
– Realize the synchronization between Physical Database
in database server and Memory Database in SMP boards.

Physical HDBAgent Memory

Database Database

Database SMP
Server Memory

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 Application Server (DBIO)

• The DBIO program is run on the application server 134 to

provide the database access interface for the service
console.

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 Service Console (Agent)

• The service console offers man-machine operations,

through which carriers can manage subscribers data in
physical database.
• A router can be used to implement the remote service
handling.

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 HLRe Working Principle

Maintenance CPM
console 1…n OMM server
HBagent SMP
Application server
Agent 1 Memory
DBIO Daabase
process

Agent 2
Database Server
Config.DB
Physical
Agent 3…n
Database

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 Thanks ！
Questions are welcome

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